Figure 1. Maternal HFD-feeding induces pregestational metabolic abnormalities and hyperinsulinemia during lactation in the offspring.
Maternal (A) pregestational body weight, (B) fasted blood glucose levels and (C) homeostatic model assessment indices of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (n=48vs50). (D) Maternal preweaning serum insulin levels in the fed state (n=4 for all groups). (E) Serum insulin levels in the offspring at 3 weeks of age (n=9 for all groups). NCD=normal chow diet, HFD=high fat diet. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus all other groups within the same diet after week 8, if not indicated otherwise. See also Figure S1 for an overview of all experimental groups.