Table 3a. Process parameters.
Study | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5D | 8D | 9 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Publication | (23) | (24) | (25) | (26) | (27) | (33) | (34) | (35) | ||
Subgroup analysis | L | H | B | F | ||||||
Diagnostic measures/examinations | ||||||||||
Blood pressure measurement (regular) | + | + | ||||||||
Measurement of HbA1c level, creatinine level | ||||||||||
Measurement of LDL level/cholesterol level | + | |||||||||
Eye check (annual) | + | + | + | + | ||||||
Foot check (annual) | + | + | + | + | + | + | ||||
Drug therapy | ||||||||||
Antidiabetes therapy/insulin | + | |||||||||
Antihypertensive therapy | ||||||||||
Guideline conform active ingredient group in hypertension treatment | + | |||||||||
Platelet aggregation inhibitors, coronary dilators (e.g. nitrates, molsidomine) | + | |||||||||
Lipid-reducing drugs/statins | + | |||||||||
Statins named in guidelines | + | |||||||||
Drug prescriptions (DDD) | ||||||||||
Drug prescriptions (DDD) per 1000 insurance years | + | |||||||||
Counseling on measures to change lifestyle | ||||||||||
Healthy nutrition | + | + | ||||||||
Physical activity | + | + | ||||||||
Doctor contacts | ||||||||||
Treating physician* | + | + | + | |||||||
Coordinating physician (≥4 contacts/year) | + | |||||||||
Ophthalmologist (annual) | + | + | ||||||||
Diabetes specialist (≥1 contact/year) |
Abbreviations and notes: +: Significant positive difference for DMP groups; –: Significant positive difference for non-DMP groups; Dark blue: p<0.001, mid-blue: p<0.01, pale blue: p<0.05, pale gray: difference not significant; gray: investigated, no significance test performed or no information on statistical significance;
L: Low level of education; H: High level of education; B: Baseline; F: Follow-up; DDD: defined daily dose
*More frequent treatment by diabetes specialists in DMP groups is evaluated as a positive effect