Table 2.

Summary of studies evaluating the effects of vitamin D and vitamin D analogues in patients with chronic kidney disease and dialysis

VITAL, vitamin D receptor activator for albuminuria lowering study; ACEI/ARB, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker; ACR, albumin to creatinine ratio; IgA, immunoglobulin A; PRIMO, paricalcitol capsule benefits in renal failure induced cardiac morbidity study; CKD, chronic kidney disease; LV, left ventricular; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1.