Table 3.

Relative responses to the hyperinsulinemic hyperglycemic clamp

Group	↑HGU	↓HGP	GK Activity	GS/GP	Glycogen Synthesis
CTR	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++
HFA	++	++	++	+	++
HFR	+	+	+	++	+
HFA + HFR*	+	+	+	+	+

↑HGU and ↓HGP, increase in hepatic glucose uptake and decrease in hepatic glucose production, respectively, under clamp conditions; GK, glucokinase; GS/GP, ratio of glycogen synthase activity to glycogen phosphorylase activity.

^*From our previous publication (9) and shown for reference. +, ++, and ++++ represent the magnitude of the effect, which varies such that + is the smallest effect. Increasing effects are shown by ++, and ++++ represents the greatest effect.