Table 3.
Multivariable Analysis of Factors Associated with Death from Head and Neck Cancer
| Head and Neck Deaths | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P | |
| Age at diagnosis | |||
| Under 50 | Ref | ||
| 50–59 | 1.31 | (1.18–1.44) | <0.0001 |
| 60–69 | 1.49 | (1.35–1.65) | <0.0001 |
| 70+ | 1.62 | (1.46–1.80) | <0.0001 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | Ref | ||
| Female | 0.96 | (0.89–1.04) | NS |
| Race | |||
| White | Ref | ||
| Black | 1.31 | (1.19–1.45) | <0.0001 |
| Other/unknown | 1.09 | (0.98–1.25) | NS |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | Ref | ||
| Not married | 1.29 | (1.21–1.38) | <0.0001 |
| Geographic region | |||
| Northeast | Ref | ||
| West | 0.97 | (0.87–1.07) | NS |
| Midwest | 0.90 | (0.79–1.02) | NS |
| South | 0.94 | (0.82–1.07) | NS |
| Urban/rural | |||
| Metropolitan | Ref | ||
| Non-metropolitan | 1.02 | (0.92–1.14) | NS |
| Income quartile | |||
| Lowest | Ref | ||
| Second | 0.99 | (0.91–1.09) | NS |
| Third | 0.94 | (0.84–1.04) | NS |
| Fourth | 0.93 | (0.83–1.06) | NS |
| Primary site | |||
| Larynx | Ref | ||
| Oral Cavity | 1.42 | (1.29–1.57) | <0.0001 |
| Oropharynx | 1.03 | (0.93–1.14) | NS |
| Hypopharynx | 1.82 | (1.59–2.09) | <0.0001 |
| Nasopharynx | 1.64 | (1.42–1.90) | <0.0001 |
| Comprehensive stage* | |||
| Early stage | Ref | ||
| Locally advanced | 1.57 | (1.45–1.69) | <0.0001 |
| Treatment | |||
| Surgery only | Ref | ||
| Radiation only | 1.85 | (1.66–2.07) | <0.0001 |
| Surgery and radiation | 1.65 | (1.49–1.83) | <0.0001 |
| Tumor grade | |||
| III or IV | Ref | ||
| I or II | 1.03 | (0.94–1.12) | NS |
| Unknown | 0.92 | (0.84–1.01) | NS |
| Year of diagnosis | 0.97 | (0.96–0.98) | <0.0001 |
*
Comprehensive stage categorized as early if AJCC stage I or II or locally advanced if stage III, IVa or IVb.