. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 17.

Published in final edited form as: Matern Child Health J. 2012 Dec;16(9):1913–1925. doi: 10.1007/s10995-011-0938-y

Table 1.

Sample demographics, socioeconomic, and health-related factors in mothers and children from urban slums and rural areas¹

Characteristic²		URBAN		RURAL
Characteristic²		N	% or Mean (SD)	N	% or Mean (SD)
Mother anemic	Yes	2127	28.7	9066	25.1
Mother anemic	No	5274	71.3	27006	74.9
Child anemic	Yes	4922	62.3	20885	55.2
Child anemic	No	2982	37.7	16916	44.8
Mother heard about anemia	Yes	6886	87.0	30823	81.4
Mother heard about anemia	No	1027	13.0	7051	18.6
Mother knows symptom of anemia³	Yes	3526	51.2	18754	60.8
Mother knows symptom of anemia³	No	3366	48.8	12097	39.2
Mother knows treatment of anemia⁴	Yes	5155	74.8	21163	68.6
Mother knows treatment of anemia⁴	No	1738	25.2	9674	31.4
Maternal age, y	≤24	2103	26.6	10874	28.7
	25–28	1982	25.0	9247	24.4
	29–32	1748	22.1	8246	21.8
	33+	2080	26.3	9487	25.1
Maternal education, y	0	357	4.5	1936	5.1
	1–6	3530	44.7	19624	52.1
	7–9	1917	24.3	8168	21.7
	≥10	2090	26.5	7928	21.1
Paternal education, y	0	154	2.0	1409	3.9
	1–6	2674	34.7	16791	46.7
	7–9	1916	24.9	7198	20.0
	≥10	2965	38.4	10585	29.4
Maternal body mass index (kg/m²)	18.5 to <25	4870	62.2	25912	68.8
	<18.5	919	11.7	4595	12.2
	≥25 to <30	1645	21.0	6117	16.2
	≥30	398	5.1	1060	2.8
Number of children, 6–59 months of age	1	6719	84.9	33277	87.9
	2	1146	14.5	4451	11.7
	3+	48	0.6	146	0.4
Age of youngest child, 6–59 months of age	6–11	1402	17.7	7157	18.9
	12–23	2468	31.2	11824	31.2
	24–35	1934	24.4	9245	24.0
	36–47	1360	17.2	6074	16.5
	48–59	749	9.5	3571	9.4
Sex of youngest child, 6–59 months of age	Male	4127	52.2	19591	51.7
Sex of youngest child, 6–59 months of age	Female	3786	47.8	18283	48.3
Child consumes fortified milk	Yes	3496	48.2	13534	35.7
Child consumes fortified milk	No	3755	51.8	24339	64.3
Father is a smoker	Yes	5649	72.5	27437	73.9
Father is a smoker	No	2141	27.5	9712	26.1
Household has improved latrine	Yes	6586	83.3	18733	49.5
Household has improved latrine	No	1319	16.7	19131	50.5
Mother took supplements in last pregnancy	Yes	1821	85.6	9642	84.2
Mother took supplements in last pregnancy	No	307	14.4	1803	15.8
Weekly per capita expenditure	Grain source food	7905	.33 (.29)	37816	.38 (.39)
	Animal source food	7905	.35 (.32)	37824	.28 (.30)
	Plant source food	7904	.45 (.32)	37805	.35 (.26)
Number of household members eating from same kitchen	2–4	4297	54.4	20590	45.6
Number of household members eating from same kitchen	>4	3608	45.6	17232	54.4
Weekly per capita household expenditure, quintile	1	795	10.0	6018	15.9
	2	1004	12.7	6340	16.8
	3	1345	17.0	7211	19.1
	4	1847	23.4	8218	21.7
	5	2914	36.9	10037	26.5

Total of 7,401 mothers and 7,904 children from urban areas and 36,072 mothers and 37,801 children from rural areas.

Missing data for selected variables (urban/rural): maternal age (0/20), maternal education (19/218), paternal education (205/1891), maternal BMI (81/190), age of youngest child (0/3), child consumes fortified milk (662/1), father is a smoker (123/725), household has improved latrine (8/10), mother took supplements in last pregnancy (5785/26429), number of household members eating from same kitchen (8/52), weekly per capita household expenditure, quintile (8/50)

Mother can name one of the following symptoms: pale face, weakness/fatigue, pale eyes, pale arm/nail, or headache

⁴

Mother can name one of the following treatments of anemia: take iron tablet/capsule/vitamin, consume iron-fortified foods, or visit a doctor/midwife/other health worker