Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study population (N = 24).
| Characteristics | Group 1 (n = 9) (HgbA1c > 7.1%) |
Group 2 (n = 15) (HgbA1c ≤ 7.1%) |
P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 68.14 ± 3.91 | 64.34 ± 3.02 | 0.34 |
| Males | 7 (77) | 9 (60) | 0.36 |
| BMI | 31.38 ± 2.43 | 34.78 ± 1.88 | 0.15 |
| Current smoking | 5 (56) | 5 (33) | 0.28 |
| Hypertension | 7 (78) | 13 (87) | 0.58 |
| Duration of known DM (years) | 9.60 ± 2.52 | 8.0 ± 1.56 | 0.74 |
| Known CAD | 8 (89) | 9 (60) | 0.11 |
| Dyslipidemiab | 8 (89) | 15 (100) | 0.38 |
| Previous MI | 4 (44) | 6 (40) | 0.83 |
| Previous CABG | 5 (56) | 6 (40) | 0.46 |
| Previous PCI | 2 (22) | 6 (40) | 0.36 |
| Medications | |||
| Statins | 8 (89) | 12 (80) | 0.56 |
| ACE inhibitors | 4 (44) | 8 (53) | 0.67 |
| Aspirin | 5 (56) | 10 (67) | 0.59 |
| Beta Blocker | 7 (78) | 10 (67) | 0.56 |
| Calcium channels blockers | 2 (22) | 4 (27) | 0.81 |
| Nitrates | 2 (22) | 3 (20) | 0.89 |
| Rest | |||
| HR (beats/min) | 65 ± 7 | 70 ± 14 | 0.77 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 146 ± 17 | 135 ± 23 | 0.21 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 78 ± 9 | 69 ± 11 | 0.08 |
| RPP (beats/min × mmHg) | 9426 ± 951 | 9388 ± 2382 | 0.88 |
| Adenosine stress | |||
| HR (beats/min) | 74 ± 12 | 80 ± 14 | 0.33 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 143 ± 8 | 124 ± 17 | 0.08 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 72 ± 12 | 65 ± 15 | 0.26 |
| RPP (beats/min × mmHg) | 10600 ± 1951 | 10086 ± 2142 | 0.44 |
BMI: body mass index; MI: myocardial infarct; CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme; HR: heart rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; RPP: rate-pressure product. Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables were presented as numbers and percentages (%). aChi-square test for categorical data and independent t-test for continuous data comparison. bDyslipidemia was defined as total cholesterol (>210 mg/dl, or LDL > 130 mg/dl, or HDL < 35 mg/dl) or receiving lipid lowering medication.