Table 2. Clinical characteristics, chest x-ray, and laboratory examinations of adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute Q fevera.
| CAP | Acute Q fever | |||
| Study period(n = 166) | Study period(n = 15) | Pre-study period(n = 122) | Total(n = 137) | |
| Clinical symptoms and signs | ||||
| Fever | 133 (80.1) | 15 (100) | 121 (99.2)** | 136 (99.2)*** |
| Chills | 71 (42.8) | 11 (73.3)* | 100 (82.0)** | 111 (81.0)*** |
| Headache | 70 (42.2) | 7 (46.7) | 88 (72.1)** | 95 (69.3)*** |
| Sore throat | 51 (30.7) | 0 (0)* | 14 (11.5)** | 14 (10.2)*** |
| Jaundice | 2 (1.2) | 1 (6.7) | 8 (6.6)** | 9 (6.6)*** |
| Cough | 144 (86.7) | 4 (26.7)* | 35 (28.7)** | 39 (28.5)*** |
| Diarrhea | 31 (18.7) | 3 (20) | 9 (7.4)** | 12 (8.8)*** |
| Arthralgia | 13 (7.8) | 1 (6.7) | 4 (3.3) | 5 (3.6) |
| Myalgia | 73 (44.0) | 7 (46.7) | 39 (32.0)** | 46 (33.6) |
| General weakness | 21 (12.7) | 3 (20) | 14 (11.5) | 17 (12.4) |
| Skin rash | 1 (0.6) | 1 (6.7) | 5 (4.1) | 6 (4.4)*** |
| Relative bradycardia | 22 (13.3) | 5 (33.3) | 57 (46.7)** | 62 (45.3)*** |
| Chest x-ray | 166 (100) | 15 (100) | 118 (96.7)** | 133 (97.1)*** |
| Abnormal chest x-ray | 166 (100) | 0 (0)* | 18 (15.3)** | 18 (13.5)*** |
| Unilateral infiltration | 30 (18.1) | 0 (0) | 8 (6.8)** | 8 (6)*** |
| Bilateral Infiltration | 25 (15.1) | 0 (0) | 10 (8.5) | 10 (7.5)*** |
| Unilateral consolidation | 80 (48.2) | 0 (0)* | 0 (0)** | 0 (0)*** |
| Bilateral consolidation | 32 (19.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0)** | 0 (0)*** |
| Laboratory examinations | ||||
| Leukocytosisb | 90 (54.2) | 1 (6.7)* | 5 (4.1)** | 6 (4.4)*** |
| Anemiac | 25 (15.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0)** | 0 (0)*** |
| Thrombocytopeniad | 41 (24.7) | 12 (80)* | 87 (71.3)** | 99 (72.3)*** |
| White blood cell counts (/mm3)e | 11761±7166 | 5436±2200* | 6174±2521** | 6093±2491*** |
| Hemogloblin (g/dl)e | 12.7±2.1 | 14.6±1.4* | 14.6±1.3** | 14.6±1.3*** |
| Platelet counts (/mm3)e | 206994±84985 | 132067±85352* | 149975±124291** | 148015±120523*** |
| Creatinine (mg/dl)e | 1.6±1.7 | 1.2±0.2 | 1.2±0.2** | 1.2±0.2*** |
| Cr>2.0 mg/dl | 21 (12.7) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.7)** | 2 (1.5)*** |
| GPT levele | 39.4±45.8 | 148.3±125.9* | 130.7±77.3** | 132.6±83.6*** |
| GPT>44 U/L | 40 (24.2) | 11 (73.3)* | 118 (97.5)** | 129 (94.9)*** |
| GPT>88 U/L | 12 (7.3) | 9 (60.0)* | 81 (66.9)** | 90 (66.2)*** |
| GOT levele | 54.4±86.8 | 153.5±124.2* | 118.9±82.4** | 122.3±87.4*** |
| GOT>38 U/L | 58 (36) | 13 (100)* | 116 (96.7)** | 129 (97.0)*** |
| GOT>76 U/L | 25 (15.5) | 10 (76.9)* | 85 (70.8)** | 95 (71.4)*** |
| Severity of CAP (CURB-65 score) | ||||
| 0 | 89 (53.6) | |||
| 1 | 39 (23.5) | |||
| 2 | 32 (19.3) | |||
| 3 | 6 (3.6) | |||
| 4 or 5 | 0 | |||
GPT = Glutamate-pyruvate transaminase; GOT = Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase.
a
Categorical variables were analyzed using the Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test where appropriate. Continuous variables were analyzed using Student’s t-test.
b
Leukocytosis was defined as a white blood cell count of >10000 cells/mm3.
c
Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level of <10.0 g/dl.
d
Thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet count of <150000 platelets/mm3.
e
Presented as the mean ± standard deviation.
*CAP vs. acute Q fever in study period, p<0.05.
**CAP vs. acute Q fever in pre-study period, p<0.05.
***CAP vs. total acute Q fever, p<0.05.