Table 4. Advertising Exposure’s Effect on Quit Attempts by Education, New York Adult Tobacco Survey, 2003–2011.
High School Graduate or Less | Some College or More | |||
OR | OR | |||
Variable | [95% CI] | N | [95% CI] | N |
Past year GRPs | 1.24* | 4,248 | 1.33*** | 4,668 |
[1.04,1.49] | [1.13,1.56] | |||
Past year GRPs by ad type | 4,248 | 4,668 | ||
Graphic and/or emotional advertisements | 1.47** | 1.42** | ||
[1.15,1.88] | [1.15,1.76] | |||
Comparison advertisements | 0.96 | 1.17 | ||
[0.73,1.25] | [0.91,1.50] | |||
Confirmed recall | 1.44** | 3,784 | 1.35* | 4,161 |
[1.10,1.89] | [1.04,1.76] | |||
Confirmed recall of graphic and or/emotional ads | 1.61** | 3,722 | 1.34* | 4,091 |
[1.21,2.15] | [1.01,1.77] |
*p<0.05,
**p<0.01,
***p<0.001.
Note: Regressions that use confirmed awareness as the key covariate cover the period April 2004–2011, whereas regressions that use gross rating points (GRPs) as the key covariate cover the period 2003–2011. Regressions controlled for age (18–24, 25–39, 40–64, ≥65), annual income (<$30,000; $30,000–$59,999; $60,000–$89,999; ≥$90,000; missing income), gender (male; female), cigarettes smoked per day (<10, 10 to 19, ≥20), daily television viewing (<3 hours, ≥3 hours), respondent residence (New York City, Rest of New York state), and increases in state cigarette taxes (pre-, post-).