Table 1.
Factors Associated with Misclassification of the LAg-Avidity assay in the ALIVE (1991–2007) and MACS (1987–2009) Cohorts.
| 2 to 4 years after seroconversion | 4 to 8 years after seroconversion | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| LAg-Avidity ≤1.5 | LAg-Avidity ≤1.5 | LAg-Avidity ≤1.5 | LAg-Avidity ≤1.5 | |
|
| ||||
| % Misclassified | OR (95% CI) | % Misclassified | OR (95 % CI) | |
|
| ||||
| All | 4.37 (26/595) | 5.26 (26/494) | ||
| Cohort | ||||
| MACS | 5.49 (18/328) | 1 | 6.25 (17/272) | 1 |
| ALIVE | 3.00 (8/267) | 0.53 (0.23–1.24) | 4.05 (9/222) | 0.63 (0.28–1.45) |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 3.08 (2/65) | 1 | 1.61 (1/62) | 1 |
| Male | 4.53 (24/530) | 1.49 (0.35–6.47) | 5.79 (25/432) | 3.75 (0.50–28.16) |
| Age at infection | ||||
| 23–34 years | 1.63 (3/184) | 1 | 1.10 (1/91) | 1 |
| 35–39 years | 1.39 (2/144) | 0.85 (0.14–5.15) | 2.42 (3/124) | 2.23 (0.23–21.81) |
| 40–44 years | 5.69 (7/123) | 3.64 (0.92–14.36)* | 5.88 (7/119) | 5.63 (0.68–46.56) |
| 45–74 years | 9.72 (14/144) | 6.50 (1.83–23.1)‡ | 9.38 (15/160) | 9.31 (1.21–71.69)† |
| Sample year | ||||
| <1990 | 0.85 (1/118) | 1 | 0.00 (0/5) | - |
| 1990–1994 | 3.11 (6/193) | 3.75 (0.45–31.58) | 1.72 (2/116) | 1 |
| 1994–1998 | 0.00 (0/170) | - | 1.56 (3/192) | 0.37 (0.03–4.75) |
| ≥1998 | 16.67 (19/114) | 23.4 (3.1–177.99)‡ | 11.60 (21/181) | 5.78 (1.29–25.89)† |
| Race | ||||
| Not White | 4.06 (11/271) | 1 | 4.91 (11/224) | 1 |
| White | 5.07 (15/296) | 1.26 (0.57–2.80) | 5.98 (15/251) | 1.23 (0.55–2.74) |
| HIV viral load (copies/ml) | ||||
| >10,000 | 2.34 (8/342) | 1 | 3.10 (8/258) | 1 |
| 10,000 −400 | 0.00 (0/169) | - | 0.00 (0/115) | - |
| <400 | 21.43 (18/84) | 11.39 (4.75–27.28)‡ | 14.88 (18/121) | 5.46 (2.30–12.96)‡ |
| CD4 cell count (cells/mm3) | ||||
| > 500 | 6.42 (14/218) | 1 | 7.89 (12/152) | 1 |
| 200–500 | 2.31 (6/260) | 0.34 (0.13–0.91)† | 1.90 (4/210) | 0.23 (0.07–0.72)† |
| 50–199 | 4.05 (3/74) | 0.62 (0.17–2.21) | 2.35 (2/85) | 0.28 (0.06–1.29) |
| <50 | 6.98 (3/43) | 1.09 (0.30–3.98) | 17.02 (8/47) | 2.39 (0.91–6.27)* |
| On ART | ||||
| No | 2.83 (13/460) | 1 | 3.94 (13/330) | 1 |
| Yes, <2 years | 7.89 (3/38) | 2.95 (0.80–10.83) | 2.44 (1/41) | 0.61 (0.08–4.79) |
| Yes, ≥2 years | 10.31 (10/97) | 3.95 (1.68–9.30)‡ | 9.76 (12/123) | 2.64 (1.17–5.95)† |
| First LAg-Avidity ≤1.5d | ||||
| No | - | - | 2.96 (12/405) | 1 |
| Yes | - | - | 58.82 (10/17) | 46.79 (15.21–143.93)‡ |
*
Abbreivations: LAg-Avidity: limiting antigen avidity; OR: odds ratios: CI: confidence intervals; ART: antiretroviral therapy
LAg-Avidity assay results are reported as normalized optical density units (OD-n).
Statistically significant values are shown in bold text.;
*
p value <0.10,
†
p value <0.05,
‡
p value <0.01