A and B: TNF-α and TGF-β cytokine levels according to ELISA of sera harvested at 0, 3, 6 and 9 weeks after- infection (one-way ANOVA, ∗P < 0.01). C and D: TNF-α and TGF-β cytokine levels in the supernatant of RAW264.7 cultures by ELISA after NCA, ACA, SWAP and SEA (antigens from different stages of S. japonicum) stimulation (one-way ANOVA, ∗P < 0.01). The results are shown as mean of three independent experiments.