Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants in TMD* pilot study.
| CHARACTERISTIC | No. (%) OF PARTICIPANTS† | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| RIST‡ (n = 20) | Self-Care only (n = 21) | AMCT§ (n = 20) | Sham AMCT (n = 19) | |
|
| ||||
| Demographics | ||||
| Female | 17 (85) | 16 (76) | 16 (80) | 15 (79) |
| Mean (SD¶) age, in years | 36.9 (13.5) | 38.0 (12.7) | 31.7 (7.9) | 33.1 (11.4) |
| College education | 17 (85) | 18 (86) | 20 (100) | 17 (89) |
| Current full-time student | 6 (30) | 1 (5) | 6 (30) | 5 (26) |
| Annual income, in dollars | ||||
| < 20,000 | 5 (25) | 3 (14) | 3 (15) | 4 (21) |
| 20,000-40,000 | 4 (20) | 3 (14) | 7 (35) | 4 (21) |
| > 40,000-60,000 | 3 (15) | 5 (24) | 4 (20) | 4 (21) |
| > 60,000-80,000 | 5 (25) | 4 (19) | 1 (5) | 1 (5) |
| > 80,000 | 3 (15) | 6 (29) | 5 (25) | 6 (32) |
| Race: white | 18 (90) | 21 (100) | 19 (95) | 15 (79) |
| Previous treatment for TMD | 6 (30) | 6 (29) | 3 (15) | 9 (47) |
|
| ||||
| TMD Symptoms | ||||
| Median (IQR#) pain duration, in years | 10 (12.5) | 10 (11) | 7.5 (12.5) | 5 (8) |
| Quality of pain | ||||
| Persistent | 10 (50) | 9 (43) | 10 (50) | 11 (58) |
| Recurrent | 10 (50) | 12 (57) | 10 (50) | 8 (42) |
| Mean (SD) NRS**: current TMJ††pain | 3.7 (1.5) | 4.4 (1.4) | 4.2 (1.6) | 3.5 (1.9) |
| Mean (SD) NRS: worst pain in previous week | 4.0 (1.6) | 5.0 (1.5) | 4.7 (1.7) | 4.4 (1.7) |
| Mean (SD) NRS: worst pain in 6 months | 6.9 (1.6) | 7. 4 (1. 6) | 7. 5 (2.0) | 6 .7 (2.1) |
| Mean (SD) NRS: mean pain for 6 months | 4.2 (1.5) | 5.7 (1.9) | 4.6 (1.7) | 4.5 (2.0) |
| Mean (SD) OHIP‡‡ | 13.2 (8.2) | 15.8 (10.8) | 12.4 (8.2) | 10.7 (7.9) |
| Mean (SD) bothersomeness index§§ | 13.4 (3.6) | 13.7 (4.7) | 14.0 (3.1) | 12.4 (3.6) |
*
TMD: Temporomandibular disorder.
†
Unless otherwise specified.
‡
RIST: Reversible interocclusal splint therapy.
§
AMCT: Activator Method Chiropractic Technique (Activator Methods International, Phoenix).
¶
SD: Standard deviation.
#
IQR: Interquartile range.
**
NRS: Numerical rating scale (0 = no pain and 10 = pain as bad as it can be).
††
TMJ: Temporomandibular joint.
‡‡
OHIP: Oral Health Impact Profile (consisting of 14 items, with responses ranging from 0 [never] to 4 [very often]). Sources: Locker and Slade,21 Slade and Spencer,22 Slade,23 Slade24 and Locker and Allen.25
§§
The maximum score is 25, indicating “extremely bothersome” ratings on five TMD symptoms (adapted from Patrick and colleagues26).