Table 1.
Sample characteristics by preterm birth status (N=920)
| Primary Outcome |
Term (37+ weeks) (n=831) |
Preterm (<37 weeks) (n=89) |
|
| Gestational Age at Birth (weeks) (mean ± SD)* | 39.78 ± 1.22 | 34.35 ± 2.92 | |
| Primary Predictor | Pregnancy-specific Stress Score (mean ± SD) | ||
| Second Trimester | 14.76 ± 7.19 | 14.16 ± 7.21 | |
| Third Trimester | 12.56 ± 7.00 | 13.55 ± 7.27 | |
| Control Variables: Additional Biopsychosocial Factors | Individual-Level Factors: Biological/Medical | ||
| History of Adverse Pregnancy Outcome | 160 (19.25%) | 23 (25.84%) | |
| Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (mean ± SD) | 26.97± 7.18 | 26.75 ± 7.75 | |
| Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index Category | |||
| Underweight | 46 (5.54%) | 5 (5.62%) | |
| Normal weight | 363 (43.68%) | 38 (42.70%) | |
| Overweight/Obese | 422 (50.78%) | 46 (51.69%) | |
| Maternal Age (mean ± SD) | 20.43 ± 2.60 | 20.44 ± 2.87 | |
| Nulliparous | 533 (64.14%) | 54 (60.67%) | |
| Maternal Antenatal Complications During Pregnancy* | 40 (4.81%) | 14 (15.73%) | |
| Positive STI Test During Pregnancy | 190 (22.86%) | 20 (22.47%) | |
| Gestational Age at Study Interview | |||
| Second Trimester* | 18.24 ± 3.50 | 17.08 ± 3.34 | |
| Third Trimester | 34.45 ± 3.17 | 34.58 ± 4.52 | |
| Individual-Level Factors: Behavioral | |||
| Smoking During Pregnancy | 187 (22.50%) | 16 (17.98%) | |
| Substance Use During Pregnancy | 137 (16.49%) | 14 (15.73%) | |
| Individual-Level Factors: Psychological | |||
| Depression (mean ± SD) | |||
| Second Trimester | 12.43 ± 8.23 | 12.06 ± 7.61 | |
| Third Trimester | 11.71 ± 8.73 | 10.67 ± 6.94 | |
| Perceived General Stress | |||
| Second Trimester | 17.74 ± 6.99 | 17.51 ± 6.51 | |
| Third Trimester | 16.83 ± 7.07 | 15.94 ± 6.19 | |
| Self-esteem (mean ± SD) | |||
| Second Trimester | 33.46 ± 5.18 | 33.79 ± 5.12 | |
| Third Trimester | 34.11 ± 5.11 | 34.05 ± 4.76 | |
| Interpersonal-Level Factors | |||
| Social Support (mean ± SD) | |||
| Second Trimester | 29.22 ± 6.03 | 30.11 ± 5.36 | |
| Third Trimester | 29.97 ± 5.40 | 30.06 ± 5.07 | |
| In a relationship | 659 (79.30%) | 73 (82.02%) | |
| Sociocultural-Level Factors | |||
| Race and Ethnicity* | |||
| Black | 645 (77.62%) | 75 (84.27%) | |
| Latina | 113 (13.60%) | 12 (13.48%) | |
| White and Other | 73 (8.78%) | 2 (2.25%) | |
| Education > High School Diploma/GED | 142 (17.09%) | 11 (12.36%) | |
| Employed Full-time or Part-time | 264 (31.17%) | 32 (35.96%) | |
| Treatment Group | Control | 310 (37.30%) | 38 (42.70%) |
| CPP | 265 (31.89%) | 24 (26.97%) | |
| CPP+ | 256 (30.81%) | 27 (30.34%) | |
Note. SD= Standard Deviation.
*
p<0.05