Encoded gel particle assay system. (A) Workflow of platform includes (i) hybridization of particles with target, (ii) incubation of particles with universal labeling adapter, ligation enzyme, and fluorescent reporter, and (iii) scanning of particles to determine code identity and amount of target bound. A typical particle consists of a fluorescent barcoded region and a probe-laden region flanked by two inert sections. Central-most hole has a fixed value to indicate particle orientation. (B) Actual PMT fluorescence signatures of 75 flow-aligned particles. (C) Magnified signatures of individual particles. As probe-target reaction rate is observed to be faster than target diffusion through gel matrix,[14] the increased fluorescent intensity on the sides of the particle in image can be attributed to binding of target near the side faces of probe region. Scale bar is 50 μm.