Table 2.

Associations between clinical factors/laboratory values and overall survival (OS) for 240 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in cohort. Median survival is shown in months with a 95% confidence interval (CI). All hazard ratios (HR) and p values are derived from univariate models.

Characteristic		N	Median OS (months)	HR (95% CI)	P
All cancer subjects		240	12.4 [11.1, 13.6]
HbA1c category
	< 6.5 %	196	13.02 [8.54, 17.50]	1.00
	≥ 6.5%	44	10.22 [7.31, 13.13]	1.74 (1.17, 2.60)	0.007
Age category
	< 65 years	102	18.1 [14.5, 21.8]	1.00
	≥ 65 years	138	10.3 [7.5, 13.0]	1.57 (1.13, 2.20)	0.008
Sex
	Male	126	12.4 [11.3, 13.5]	1.00
	Female	114	12.7 [7.6, 18.0]	0.99 (0.72, 1.38)	0.981
Race
	White	211	12.4 [9.3, 15.4]	1.00
	Non-White	29	11.5 [9.7, 13.3]	1.19 (0.74, 1.91)	0.476
ECOG
	0	97	16.2 [12.0, 20.3]	1.00
	1	89	10.9 [9.2, 12.5]	1.40 (0.99, 2.00)	0.059
	2	12	5.1 [1.5, 8.6]	2.28 (1.09, 5.25)	0.030
CA19-9
	< 90 U/mL	87	18.2 [11.6, 24.8]	1.00
	≥ 90 U/mL	152	10.9 [11.1, 13.7]	1.45 (1.14, 1.85)	0.002
Current treatment for DM
	None	228	12.4 [11.0, 13.7]	1.00
	Oral medication	7	10.4 [5.2, 15.6]	2.38 (0.59, 9.66)	0.224
	Insulin	5	23.2 [17.3, 29.1]	2.54 (0.46, 13.97)	0.284
Family History PDA
	No	205	12.4 [11.3, 13.5]	1.00
	Yes	32	10.7 [3.6, 17.8]	1.00 (0.67, 1.48)	0.957
Family History DM
	No	226	12.4 [11.1, 13.7]	1.00
	Yes	11	18.1 [3.1, 32.9]	0.83 (0.59, 1.17)	0.263
Tumor Diameter
	<3 cm	77	18.2 [10.6, 25.8]	1.00
	≥ 3 cm	143	11.2 [9.9, 12.53]	1.60 (1.16, 2.20)	0.004
Disease stage
	R-PDA	62	20.5 [9.9, 31.1]	1.00
	B-PDA	115	13.0 [9.2, 16.8]	1.72 (1.12, 2.64)	0.014
	M-PDA	63	8.2 [7.1, 9.3]	2.70 (1.70, 4.29)	<0.001