Table 1.
Results of surgery in patients with traumatic airway injuries
| Study | No | Operative approach | Surgery | Mortality | Complications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barmada (23) |
7 |
R Thoracotomy: 5 |
L. pneumonectomy: 1 |
0% |
Wound infection: 2 |
| L Thoracotomy: 2 |
ML. lobectomy: 1 |
Sputum retention: 1 |
|||
| Segmentectomy: 1 | |||||
| Primary suture: 4 | |||||
| Rossbach (19) |
32 |
Collar incision: 16 |
Primary suture: 23 |
6% |
Pneumonia: 3 |
| Collar + sternotomy:1 |
Tracheostomy: 3 |
Suture granuloma:2 |
|||
| Sternotomy: 5 |
Primary anastomosis: 2 |
Wound infection:1 |
|||
| R Thoracotomy: 9 |
R pneumonectomy: 2 |
||||
| L Thoracotomy: 1 |
ML Bilobectomy: 1 |
||||
| Cassada (39) |
18 |
Collar Incision: 3 |
Primary suture: 13 |
5.6% |
Sepsis: 2 |
| L cervicotomy: 5 |
Tracheostomy: 2 |
BPF: 1 |
|||
| Sternotomy: 1 |
Repair + tracheostomy: 1 |
||||
| R thoracotomy: 8 |
L. pneumonectomy: 1 |
||||
| L thoracotomy: 1 |
Lobectomy: 1 |
||||
| Mussi (47) |
16 |
R thoracotomy: 5 |
Primary suture: 13 |
0% |
Suture granuloma: 1 |
| Primary anastomosis: 2 | |||||
| Collar inciusion: 11 |
Thyroid cartilage suture: 1 |
||||
| Hofmann (49) |
18 |
R thoracotomy: 17 |
Primary suture: 18 |
44.4% |
Suture dehiscence: 1 |
| L thoracotomy: 1 | |||||
| Balci (48) |
32 |
Thoracotomy: 19 |
Primary suture: 25 |
21.8% |
Atelectasis/pneumonia: 2/2 |
| Sternotomy: 2 |
Primary anastomosis: 6 |
Prolonged air leak: 1 |
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| Clamshell: 1 |
RUL lobectomy: 1 |
Bleeding: 1 |
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| Neck incisions: 10 |
Empyema: 1 |
||||
| Wound infection: 1 | |||||
| Airway stenosis: 3 | |||||
| Richardson (57) |
60 |
Cervical incision ± sternotomy: all laryngotracheals and most tracheal |
Primary suture: 8 (2 laryngotracheal) |
13.3%* |
Failed repair: 1 |
| Primary anastomosis: 25 |
|
Phonation problems: 1 |
|||
| Thoracotomy: 24 bronchial injuries and some lower tracheal |
Bronchial reconstruction: 10 |
|
Airway stenosis: 5 |
||
| Pneumonectomy; 14 |
|
Empyema: 3 (BPF in 2) |
|||
| Suture granuloma: 6 | |||||
| |
Delayed presentation: primary repair (1), resection and anastomosis (1), pneumonectomy (1) |
|
Pulmonary hypertension/cor pulmonale: 3 |
||
| Respiratory insufficiency: 1 | |||||
| Gomez-Caro (70) |
11 |
Cervical incision: 3 |
Primary suture: 8 |
0% |
|
| Thoracotomy: 8 |
Primary anastomosis: 1 |
||||
| Tracheostomy: 1 | |||||
| R. pneumonectomy: 1 | |||||
| Koletsis (20) |
22 |
Collar incision ± partial sternotomy: 11 |
Primary suture: 19 |
4.6% |
Airway stenosis: 1 |
| Thoracotomy: 11 |
Primary anastomosis: 1 |
|
Sepsis: 1 |
||
| L. pneumonectomy: 1 |
Phonation problems: 1 |
||||
| ML bilobectomy: 1 | |||||
| Carretta (63) | 30 | Transcervical-transtracheal: 13 |
Primary suture: 29 |
3.3% | Pneumonia: 3 |
| Thoracotomy: 16 |
Primary anastomosis: 1 |
Phonation problems: 2 |
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| Transcercical-transtracheal + thoracotomy:1 | Tracheo-esophageal fistula recurrence: 1 |
*75% for patients treated with pneumonectomy.
R: right, L: left, ML: middle and lower, BPF: broncho-pleural fistula.