Table 1.
Characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis
|
Author, year |
Country |
Ethnicity |
Clip type |
Control characteristics |
No. (case/control) |
Case |
Control |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C1C1 | C1C2 | C2C2 | C1/C2 | C1C1 | C1C2 | C2C2 | C1/C2 | ||||||
| BEATY [31] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CP |
HB |
42/135 |
- |
- |
- |
78/6 |
- |
- |
- |
248/22 |
| |
|
Caucasian |
CL/P |
HB |
86/135 |
- |
- |
- |
163/9 |
- |
- |
- |
248/22 |
| |
|
African |
CP |
HB |
13/135 |
- |
- |
- |
24/2 |
- |
- |
- |
248/22 |
| |
|
African |
CL/P |
HB |
11/135 |
- |
- |
- |
22/0 |
- |
- |
- |
248/22 |
| TANABE [15] |
Japan |
Asian |
CL/P |
HB |
28/73 |
- |
- |
- |
49/7 |
- |
- |
- |
129/17 |
|
Lilian Jara[21] |
Chile |
Hispanic |
CL/P |
HB |
39/51 |
33 |
6 |
0 |
72/6 |
44 |
6 |
1 |
94/8 |
| Sassani [19] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CL/P |
HB |
81/84 |
54 |
26 |
1 |
134/28 |
70 |
13 |
1 |
153/15 |
| |
|
Asian |
CL/P |
HB |
6/6 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
10/2 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
10/2 |
| |
|
African |
CL/P |
HB |
10/7 |
4 |
5 |
1 |
13/7 |
4 |
3 |
0 |
11/3 |
| Ardinger [12] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CL/P |
HB |
78/98 |
59 |
17 |
2 |
135/21 |
89 |
8 |
1 |
186/10 |
| Shiang [20] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CP |
HB |
43/170 |
- |
- |
- |
69/17 |
- |
- |
- |
311/29 |
| Hwang [22] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CP |
HB |
69/284 |
49 |
20 |
0 |
118/20 |
239 |
44 |
1 |
522/46 |
| |
|
Caucasian |
CL/P |
HB |
114/284 |
93 |
19 |
2 |
205/23 |
239 |
44 |
1 |
522/46 |
| ROMITTI [30] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CP |
PB |
51/295 |
41 |
10* |
- |
- |
235 |
60* |
- |
- |
| |
|
Caucasian |
CL/P |
PB |
118/295 |
96 |
22* |
- |
- |
235 |
60* |
- |
- |
| Hecht [24] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CL/P |
UFM |
12/13 |
11 |
1 |
0 |
23/1 |
10 |
2 |
1 |
22/4 |
| Chenevix [18] |
Australia |
Caucasian |
CL/P |
HB |
117/113 |
84 |
30 |
3 |
198/36 |
94 |
17 |
2 |
205/21 |
| Holder [17] |
UK |
Caucasian |
CL/P |
HB |
60/60 |
36 |
14 |
5 |
86/24 |
55 |
5 |
0 |
115/5 |
|
CHENEVIX[29] |
Australia |
Caucasian |
CL/P |
HB |
96/100 |
66 |
27 |
3 |
159/33 |
90 |
9 |
1 |
189/11 |
| Stoll [25] |
France |
Caucasian |
CL/P |
HB |
98/99 |
- |
- |
- |
187/10 |
- |
- |
- |
184/14 |
| |
|
Caucasian |
CP |
HB |
57/99 |
- |
- |
- |
104/10 |
- |
- |
- |
184/14 |
| Christensen [11] |
Denmark |
Caucasian |
CP |
PB |
65/457 |
49 |
15 |
1 |
113/17 |
344 |
102 |
11 |
790/124 |
| |
|
Caucasian |
CL/P |
PB |
191/457 |
145 |
45 |
1 |
335/47 |
344 |
102 |
11 |
790/124 |
| SHAW [6] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CP |
PB |
114/379 |
87 |
27* |
- |
- |
321 |
58* |
- |
- |
| |
|
Hispanic |
CP |
PB |
35/175 |
34 |
1* |
- |
- |
164 |
11* |
- |
- |
| |
|
African |
CP |
PB |
7/20 |
6 |
1* |
- |
- |
18 |
2* |
- |
- |
| |
|
Caucasian |
CL/P |
PB |
245/379 |
212 |
33* |
- |
- |
321 |
58* |
- |
- |
| |
|
Hispanic |
CL/P |
PB |
103/175 |
94 |
9* |
- |
- |
164 |
11* |
- |
- |
| |
|
African |
CL/P |
PB |
12/20 |
11 |
1* |
- |
- |
18 |
2* |
- |
- |
| Beaty [26] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CP |
HB |
51/87 |
44 |
6 |
1 |
94/8 |
79 |
8 |
0 |
166/8 |
| |
|
Caucasian |
CL |
HB |
26/87 |
21 |
5 |
0 |
47/5 |
79 |
8 |
0 |
166/8 |
| |
|
Caucasian |
CL/P |
HB |
53/87 |
48 |
5 |
0 |
101/5 |
79 |
8 |
0 |
166/8 |
| |
|
African |
CP |
HB |
12/45 |
10 |
2 |
0 |
22/2 |
43 |
2 |
0 |
88/2 |
| |
|
African |
CL |
HB |
2/45 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
4/0 |
43 |
2 |
0 |
88/2 |
| |
|
African |
CL/P |
HB |
10/45 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
19/1 |
43 |
2 |
0 |
88/2 |
| Bertoja [34] |
Brazil |
Hispanic |
CL/P |
HB |
140/142 |
114 |
25 |
1 |
253/27 |
121 |
21 |
0 |
263/21 |
| PASSOS-BUENO [32] |
Brazil |
Hispanic |
CL/P |
HB |
536/385 |
484 |
51 |
1 |
1019/53 |
344 |
41 |
0 |
729/41 |
| Lidral [28] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CL/P |
PB |
182/251 |
- |
- |
- |
327/37 |
- |
- |
- |
449/53 |
| |
|
Caucasian |
CP |
PB |
62/251 |
- |
- |
- |
109/15 |
- |
- |
- |
449/53 |
| Lidral [27] |
USA |
Caucasian |
CL/P |
PB |
652/776 |
- |
- |
- |
1204/100 |
- |
- |
- |
1436/116 |
| Caucasian | CP | PB | 97/776 | - | - | - | 176/18 | - | - | - | 1436/116 | ||
CL: clip lip, CL/P: clip lip and palate, CP: clip palate, PB: population-based control group, HB: hospital-based control group, UFM: unrelated family members control group.
C1C1, C1C2, C2C2: genotype, C1/C2: allele frequency.
*The sum of C1C2 and C2C2.