Some key references discussed in the review of the use and toxicity of SMX-TMP in neonates and animal studies.

References	Subjects and type of study	Drug studied	Observations/conclusions
Khanal et al., 2011; Bhutta et al., 2009; Bang et al., 1990, 1993, 1999; Qazi, 2002	Neonates, disease management	Oral SMX-TMP	Significant reduction in mor-  tality from sepsis and pneu-  monia; no untoward  toxicities, including CNS  toxicity, were mentioned
Wadsworth & Suh, 1988	Pooled cord serum, in vitro  study	52 antimicrobial agents including SMX	Bilirubin displacement  compared
Ho & Juurlink, 2011; Karpman & Kurzrock, 2004; Gutman, 1984; Gimnig et al., 2006; Block et al., 1987; Siegel et al., 1984	Case reports, articles and  reviews that include children  ≤2 years of age	Various drugs including SMX-  TMP, oral	Potentially adverse reactions  and risk-benefit issues  discussed
Silverman, 1959; Andersen et al., 1956	Infants, clinical trial	Sulfisoxazole	Landmark study showing for  the first time kernicterus  associated with  sulfisoxazole
Tuttle, 1955; Crosse et al., 1955; Odell, 1959	Sera from infants, in vitro study	Sulfisoxazole	Used ultrafiltration and dialysis  techniques to demonstrate  uncoupling of protein-bound  bilirubin by drug
Gunn, 1938; Blanc & Johnson, 1959; Maisels, 2006	Rats, in vivo; also review	Sulfisoxazole, sulfadiazine	Development of rat model for  kernicterus, unconjugated  bilirubin causing neuronal  toxicity
Springer et al., 1982	Newborn infants; clinical and  in vitro	Intravenous SMX-TMP	Studied in vitro bilirubin bind-  ing, serum drug levels and  showed no side effects or  kernicterus
Awasthi et al., 2008; Agweyu et al., 2012; Walter et al., 2006	Clinical study	Amoxicillin and SMX-TMP  comparison	Lack of serious side effects or  toxicity