CQ- and AS-ITV induce CD8+ T cells that inhibit the development of P. yoelii–infected hepatocytes in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. (A) Quantification of P. yoelii GFP-luciferase intrahepatocytic development in the presence of 500,000 pooled liver CD8+ T cells, isolated from CQ-ITV (CQ), AS-ITV (AS), or mock-immunized, untreated mice (mock) 6 d after the last dose. The y-axis shows luminescence units. Data correspond to two independent experiments. Significance was analyzed using two-tailed Student t tests. Error bars represent SEM. ***p < 0.001, n.s., not significant. (B) Percent inhibition of P. yoelii GFP-luciferase intrahepatocytic development in the presence of increasing number of CD8+ T cells isolated from CQ- or AS-ITV–treated mice, calculated as the percentage reduction in luciferase signal compared with that of the mock-immunized, untreated control.