Table 1.
PCR primers used to detect β-lactamase genes, PMQR genes and E. coli phylogenetic groups
Primer | Sequence (5’ - 3’) | Target | Size of product (bp) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
TEM_f |
ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCG |
blaTEM |
851 |
[11] |
TEM_r |
TTAATCAGTGAGGCACCTAT |
|||
SHV_f |
GCAAAACGCCGGGTTATTC |
blaSHV |
940 |
[11] |
SHV_r |
GGTTAGCGTTGCCAGTGCT |
|||
CTX-M_f |
TCTTCCAGAATAAGGAATCCC |
blaCTX-M |
909 |
[12] |
CTX-M_r |
CCGTTTCCGCTATTACAAAC |
|||
OXA-1_f |
AGCAGCGCCAGTGCATCA |
blaOXA-1 |
700 |
[13] |
OXA-1_r |
ATTCGACCCCAAGTTTCC |
|||
OXA-48_f |
AAATCACAGGGCGTAGTTGTG |
blaOXA-48 |
555 |
[11] |
OXA-48_r |
GACCCACCAGCCAATCTTAG |
|||
qnrA_f |
AGAGGATTTCTCACGCCAGG |
qnrA |
619 |
[14] |
qnrA_r |
GCAGCACTATKACTCCCAAGG |
|||
qnrB_f |
GGMATHGAAATTCGCCACTG |
qnrB |
264 |
[16] |
qnrB_r |
TTTGCYGYYCGCCAGTCGAA |
|||
qnrC_f |
GGGTTGTACATTTATTGAATC |
qnrC |
447 |
[17] |
qnrC_r |
TCCACTTTACGAGGTTCT |
|||
qnrD_f |
CGAGATCAATTTACGGGGAATA |
qnrD |
582 |
[18] |
qnrD_r |
AACAAGCTGAAGCGCCTG |
|||
qnrS_f |
GCAAGTTCATTGAACAGGCT |
qnrS |
428 |
[16] |
qnrS_r |
TCTAAACCGTCGAGTTCGGCG |
|||
qepA_f |
CTGCAGGTACTGCGTCATG |
qepA |
403 |
[15] |
qepA_r |
CGTGTTGCTGGAGTTCTTC |
|||
aac_f |
TTGCGATGCTCTATGAGTGGCTA |
aac(6’)-Ib |
482 |
[19] |
aac_r |
CTCGAATGCCTGGCGTGTTT |
|||
chuA.1 |
GACGAACCAACGGTCAGGAT |
chuA |
279 |
[21] |
chuA.2 |
TGCCGCCAGTACCAAAGACA |
|||
YjaA.1 |
TGAAGTGTCAGGAGACGCTG |
yajA |
211 |
[21] |
YjaA.2 |
ATGGAGAATGCGTTCCTCAAC |
|||
TspE4C2.1 |
GAGTAATGTCGGGGCATTCA |
TspE4C2 | 152 | [21] |
TspE4C2.2 | CGCGCCAACAAAGTATTACG |