Rappaport 1978.

Methods	Allocation: randomly assigned (no further description). Blinding: single, staff ‘remained blind as to whether the patient was receiving medication or placebo’. Duration: unclear; mean hospitalisation=43 days, follow‐up at 1‐36 months after discharge.
Participants	Diagnosis: schizophrenia (criteria not specified). N=127. Sex: all male. Age: range 16‐40 yrs. History: ‘acute’ illness.
Interventions	1. Chlorpromazine: dose variable 300‐900 mg/day. N=53.                                    2.  Placebo. N=74.
Outcomes	Leaving study early. Rehospitalisation.                                Unable to use. Clinical Change Index and Global Assessment Scores (data skewed).
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Randomly assigned (no further description).
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Reported that "staff remain blind to whether the patient was receiving medication or placebo".
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No details.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Differential attrition reported by authors.
Other bias	Unclear risk	No further details.