Table 4.
Multivariable analysis of factors associated with “Appropriate Clinical Action” in response to poorly controlled hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus at 12 months
| |
Poorly controlled hypertension (n = 391) |
Poorly controlled dyslipidemia (n = 231) |
Poorly controlled diabetes Mellitus (n = 59) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Proportion |
OR |
95% CI |
Proportion |
OR |
95% CI |
Proportion |
OR |
95%CI |
| (%) | (%) | (%) | |||||||
|
Age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <65 years |
59.0 |
|
|
35.8 |
|
|
98.2 |
|
|
| ≥65 years |
66.6 |
1.38 |
(0.86-2.22) |
31.9 |
0.84 |
(0.41-1.71) |
97.9 |
0.86 |
(0.14-5.23) |
|
Sex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Female |
64.5 |
|
|
40.5 |
|
|
98.5 |
|
|
| Male |
61.8 |
0.89 |
(0.56-1.43) |
29.7 |
0.62 |
(0.29-1.30) |
97.6 |
0.60 |
(0.09-3.99) |
|
Co-occurrence of other conditions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| no co-occurrence of HT, DL, DM |
62.0 |
|
|
42.0 |
|
|
NA |
|
|
| HT and DL |
67.1 |
1.25 |
(0.64-2.41) |
30.8 |
0.62 |
(0.19-1.98) |
|
|
|
| HT and DM |
62.8 |
1.03 |
(0.35-3.06) |
|
|
|
76.3 |
ref |
|
| DL and DM |
|
|
|
9.4 |
0.14 |
(0.01-1.43) |
100.0 |
NA |
|
| All 3 conditions |
58.7 |
0.87 |
(0.41-1.86) |
43.6 |
1.07 |
(0.23-5.00) |
90.1 |
2.81 |
(0.27-29.11) |
|
Number of other conditions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| increase 1 co-morbidity |
|
1.23 |
(0.93-1.63) |
|
0.92 |
(0.57-1.49) |
|
0.63 |
(0.19-2.09) |
|
Risk status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No target organ disease |
61.4 |
|
|
17.9 |
|
|
NA |
|
|
| Target organ disease (except CAD) |
65.4 |
1.19 |
(0.56-2.52) |
49.0 |
4.41 |
(1.59-12.19)** |
97.6 |
ref |
|
| CAD |
56.0 |
0.80 |
(0.31-2.07) |
51.0 |
4.78 |
(1.27-18.02)* |
99.3 |
3.27 |
(0.12-87.75) |
|
Baseline level of each condition |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Systolic BP |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 140-159 mmHg |
59.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 160-179 mmHg |
62.6 |
1.12 |
(0.67-1.88) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ≥180 mmHg |
93.0 |
8.86 |
(1.06-73.98)* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Diastolic BP |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 90-99 mmHg |
59.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 100-109 mmHg |
73.7 |
1.88 |
(0.87-4.08) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ≥110 mmHg |
91.0 |
6.78 |
(0.71-65.14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| LDL cholesterol level |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 3.4-4.1 mmol/L (130–159 mg/dL) |
|
|
|
22.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 4.2-4.9 mmol/L (160–189 mg/dL) |
|
|
|
44.6 |
2.77 |
(1.15-6.68)* |
|
|
|
| ≥5.0 mmol/L (≥190 mg/dL) |
|
|
|
54.2 |
4.08 |
(1.32-12.62)* |
|
|
|
| Haemoglobin A1c |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 8.0-8.9% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
98.1 |
|
|
| 9.0-9.9% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
99.0 |
2.75 |
(0.12-31.21) |
| ≥10.0% | 96.0 | 0.45 | (0.07-3.07) | ||||||
Hierarchical logistic regression with adjustment for all the covariates in the table. Patient factors associated with “appropriate clinical action” vs. “inappropriate clinical action” at 12 months were assessed in these multivariable models. “Appropriate clinical action” was defined as therapy modifications or return to control without therapy modification. BP = blood pressure; CAD = coronary artery disease; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; HT = hypertension; DL = dyslipidemia; DM = diabetes mellitus. OR = odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; NA = not available. Odds Ratios are related to the first class shown for each category. Due to low number of patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus some calculations for proportions, odds ratios and 95% confidence interval are not feasible. Ref = reference category in diabetes mellitus due to low number of patients. *P < 0.05 compared to reference group; **P < 0.01 compared to reference group.