Table 6.
Number of studies of brain structure and muscle structure, direction of effect and number of subjects
| Negative association (n) | No association (n) | Positive association (n) | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Whole brain size and muscle size |
- |
1 (70) |
2 (311) |
[26-30] |
|
White matter volume and muscle size |
- |
- |
1 (70) |
[28-31] |
|
Grey matter volume and muscle size |
1 (76)* |
2 (146)* |
- |
[28-31] |
|
Hippocampal volume and muscle size |
- |
2 (121) |
- |
[27-30] |
|
Cerebellar volume and muscle size |
- |
1 (51) |
- |
[27] |
| Ventricular volume and muscle size | - | 1 (51) | - | [27] |
*This study found negative associations between some areas of grey matter volume (the right temporal pole and bilateral vmPFC) and muscle size but found the majority of GM areas had no association.