Table 1.
Genetic polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor signalling pathway that have been studied in relation to gastric cancer (170).
| Gene | Polymorphism | Reference | Population | GC subtype | Total sample size | OR, 95% CIa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TLR1 | rs5743618 (Ile602Ser) | Yang et al. (154) | German | NS | 284b | OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.22–0.72 |
| TLR2 | −196 to −174del | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.81–1.71 |
| de Oliveira et al. (157) | Brazilian | Non-cardia | 440 | OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.56–3.46 | ||
| Zeng et al. (158) | Chinese | NS | 744 | OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.48–0.90 | ||
| Hishida et al. (172) | Japanese | NS | 1680 | OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.79–1.73c | ||
| Tahara et al. (156) | Japanese | Non-cardia | 744 | OR: 6.06, 95% CI: 1.86–19.72 | ||
| rs3804099 | de Oliveira et al. (157) | Brazilian | Non-cardia | 440 | OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.56–3.46 | |
| rs3804100 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 3.16, 95% CI: 1.38–7.24 | |
| TLR4 | rs4986790 (Asp299Gly) | Qadri et al. (174) | Indian | NS | 330 | OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.66–2.03 |
| de Oliveira et al. (157) | Brazilian | Non-cardia | 440 | OR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.06–3.81 | ||
| Schmidt et al. (175) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 222 | OR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.03–1.81 | ||
| Santini et al. (160) | Italian | NS | 322 | OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.37–1.14 | ||
| Trejo de la O (176) | Mexican | NS | 182 | OR: 2.70, 95% CI: 0.36–10.70 | ||
| Hold et al. (159) | Caucasiand | Non-cardia | 731 | OR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.60–4.00 | ||
| Hold et al. (159) | Caucasiane | Cardia and non-cardia | 395 | OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.10–4.20 | ||
| Garza-Gonzalez et al. (177) | Mexican | Non-cardia | 314 | OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.30–2.80 | ||
| rs4986791 (Thr399Ile) | Qadri et al. (174) | Indian | NS | 330 | OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 0.70–2.78 | |
| de Oliveira et al. (157) | Brazilian | Non-cardia | 440 | OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 0.64–5.15 | ||
| Santini et al. (160) | Italian | NS | 322 | OR: 3.62, 95% CI: 1.27–6.01 | ||
| Trejo de la O (176) | Mexican | NS | 263 | OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 0.36–5.38 | ||
| Garza-Gonzalez et al. (177) | Mexican | Non-cardia | 314 | OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.01–1.80 | ||
| rs10116253 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34–1.00 | |
| Huang et al. (161) | Chinese | NS | 511 | OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.18–0.60 | ||
| rs10759931 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.33–0.97 | |
| rs10759932 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.34–1.04 | |
| Huang et al. (178) | Chinese | Cardia and non-cardia | 1962 | OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.74–1.45 | ||
| rs10983755 | Kim et al. (179) | Korean | Non-cardia | 974 | OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.01–1.97 | |
| rs11536889 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 3.58, 95% CI: 1.20–10.65 | |
| Kupcinskas et al. (180) | Caucasianf | NS | 349 | OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.62–1.71 | ||
| Hishida et al. (181) | Japanese | NS | 1639 | OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.66–1.63 | ||
| rs1927911 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.27–0.82 | |
| Huang et al. (161) | Chinese | NS | 511 | OR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.21–0.70 | ||
| rs2149356 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.34–1.02 | |
| TLR5 | rs5744174 | Zeng et al. (158) | Chinese | NS | 744 | OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.03–1.97 |
| TLR9 | rs187084 (−1486 T/C) | Wang et al. (163) | Chinese | Cardia and non-cardia | 628 | OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.01–2.64 |
| CD14 | rs2569190 (−260 C/T) | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.5–1.02 |
| Companioni et al. (164) | Caucasiang | Cardia and non-cardia | 1649 | OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.77–1.09 | ||
| Li et al. (133) | Tibetan | NS | 462 | OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.34–3.47 | ||
| Kim et al. (179) | Korean | Non-cardia | 974 | OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.77–1.23h | ||
| Hold et al. (182) | Caucasiand | Non-cardia | 716 | OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.70–1.40 | ||
| Hold et al. (182) | Caucasiane | Cardia and non-cardia | 395 | OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.50–1.30 | ||
| Tahara et al. (166) | Japanese | Non-cardia | 237 | OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.12–0.78 | ||
| Zhao et al. (167) | Chinese | NS | 940 | OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.20–3.16 | ||
| Wu et al. (183) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 414 | OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.75–1.29 | ||
| MD-2 | rs11465996 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 4.83, 95% CI: 2.02–11.57 |
| rs16938755 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 3.80, 95% CI: 1.48–9.77 | |
| LBP | rs2232578 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 3.07, 95% CI: 1.24–7.59 |
| TIRAP | rs7932766 | Castaño-Rodríguez et al. (170) | Chinese | Non-cardia | 310 | OR: 6.04, 95% CI: 1.89–19.36 |
GC, gastric cancer; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence intervals; NS, not specified.
aOR and 95% CI correspond to allele or genotype analysis, depending on available information in the article.
bThe control group included individuals with high risk gastritis (pangastritis, corpus-predominant gastritis with or without the presence of gastric atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia in either antrum or corpus).
cCompared to gastric atrophy controls.
dThe study population is from Poland.
eThe study population is from the United States. No significant association was found with cardia GC.
fSubjects from Germany, Lithuania and Latvia.
gSubjects from France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, The Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Sweden, Denmark and Norway.
hEffect size for intestinal-type GC, diffuse type: OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.78–1.26.