Table 2.
General characteristics of patients undergoing major hepatectomy in the present series
| Epidural group (n = 69) | CIB + PCA group (n = 429) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, median (range) | 63 (29–84) | 63 (21–86) | 0.695 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 42 (60.9%) | 269 (62.7%) | 0.770 |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (range) | 24.0 (20.0–33.5) | 26.0 (16.0–44.0) | 0.126 |
| ASA physical status, n (%) | |||
| Class 1 | 2 (2.9%) | 10 (2.3%) | 0.673 |
| Class 2 | 51 (73.9%) | 320 (74.6%) | 0.924 |
| Class 3–5 | 13 (18.8%) | 87 (20.3%) | 0.828 |
| Number of comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| 0 | 37 (53.6%) | 196 (45.7%) | 0.240 |
| 1 | 19 (27.5%) | 136 (31.7%) | 0.466 |
| 2 | 6 (8.7%) | 61 (14.2%) | 0.190 |
| ≥3 | 7 (10.1%) | 33 (7.7%) | 0.498 |
| Indication for surgery, n (%) | |||
| Colorectal metastases | 56 (81.2%) | 369 (86.0%) | 0.290 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 1 (1.4%) | 4 (0.9%) | 0.529 |
| Cholangiocarcinoma (intrahepatic and hilar) | 1 (1.4%) | 12 (2.8%) | 1.000 |
| Other malignanciesa | 3 (5.8%) | 32 (7.4%) | 0.453 |
| Benign diseaseb | 8 (10.1%) | 12 (2.6%) | 0.003 |
| Previous abdominal surgery | 59 (85.5%) | 376 (87.6%) | 0.324 |
CIB + PCA, i.m. continuous infusion of bupivacaine plus i.v. patient-controlled analgesia; BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.
A P-value of < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Other malignancies include metastases of carcinoid, breast cancer, melanoma, neuroendocrine tumour, appendix carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina, renal cell carcinoma, lymphoma, endometrial carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumour, mixed type hepatocellular carcinoma/cholangiocarcinoma, lymphoma and keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma.
Benign diseases include cyst(s), adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia, haemangioma and angiomyolipoma.