Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 22.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2013 Nov 20;47(1):269–276. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.11.014

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Upper extremity model marker set: suprasternal notch (IJ), xiphoid process (STRN), spinous process at C7 (C7), acromioclavicular joint (AC), inferior angle (AI), trigonum spine (TS), scapular spine (SS), acromial angle (AA), coracoid process (CP), humerus (HUM), olecranon (OLC), radial styloid (RAD), ulnar styloid (ULN), third and fifth metacarpals (M3 and M5). Joint centers: wrist joint center (wc), elbow joint center (ec), glenohumeral joint center (ghc), acromioclavicular joint center (acc), sternoclavicular joint center (scc) and thorax center (tc) are represented by the open circles. Following ISB recommendations, definition of axes of rotation follow right-hand rule and the Z-axis points laterally towards the subject’s right side, the X-axis points anteriorly, and the Y-axis points superiorly (Wu et al., 2005).