Figure 1. The proportion of granzyme B positive (GrB+) T-cells is increased in CML patients at diagnosis and further expands during dasatinib therapy. Fresh or frozen PBMNCs were first stained for surface markers (α-CD45, α-CD3, α-CD4 and α-CD8), and after fixation and permeabilization intracellular GrB was stained, and cells were analyzed with flow cytometry. (A) The relative proportions of GrB+CD4+ T-cells and (B) GrB+CD8+ T-cells in samples obtained from healthy controls (n = 5) and CML patients at diagnosis (dg) (n = 18). (C) The proportion of GrB+CD4+ T-cells and (D) GrB+CD8+ T-cells 6 mo after start on dasatinib (DA, n = 7), imatinib (IM, n = 6), or nilotinib (NI, n = 6) therapy. The absolute number of GrB+CD4+ (E) and GrB+CD8+ T-cells (F) was measured in CML patients 6 mo after the start of DA (n = 8), IM (n = 6), or NI (n = 5) therapy. Panels A and B were analyzed by nonparametric Mann Whitney t test and panels C, D and E by 1way ANOVA.