Table 4.
Findings from Cohort Studies Regarding the Relationship of Fertility Drug Use to Uterine Cancer Risk
| Study | Primary Exposure of Interest |
No. of Cancers in Exposed |
No. of Cancers in Unexposed |
SIR in Exposed (95% CI) |
SIR in Unexposed (95% CI) |
RR (Exposed versus Unexposed) |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Venn et aI48 | IVF treatment | 2 | 3 | 2.22 (0.55–0.87) | 3.48(1.12–10.8) | 0.65 (0.11–3.94) | Registry match |
| Venn et al18 | IVF treatment | 5 | 7 | 1.09(0.45–2.61) | 2.47 (1.18–5.18) | Registry match; no RR reported | |
| Doyle et al53 | Ovarian stimulation treatments | 3 | 1 | 1.21 (0.25–3.53) | 1.68(0.04–9.37) | 0.72 (0.06–8.62) | |
| Althuis et al101 | Clomiphene | 19 | 20 | 2.14(1.3–3.3) | 1.24(0.8–1.9) | 1.79(0.9–3.4) | Somewhat higher risks for women using higher dosages, with extended follow-up, and who remained nulligravid |
| Dor et al14 | IVF treatment | 2 | 2.25 (0.25–8.11) | Registry match; no untreated group | |||
| Calderon-Margalit et al49 | Self-reported exposure to ovulation induction drugs | 5 | 39 | 3.32 (1.31–8.42) | Restricted to parous women | ||
| dos Santos Silva et al52 | Ovarian stimulation treatments | 18 | 12 | 2.31 (1.37–3.64) | 1.66(0.86–2.90) | 1.39(0.63–3.16) | Women given 2250+ mg of clomiphene had a RR of 2.62 (0.94–6.82) |
| Jensen et al102 | Clomiphene | 29 | 54 | 1.36(0.83–2.23) | Higher risks for those with 6+ cycles. Also elevated RR for those exposed for multiple cycles to gonadotropins or hCG |
SIR, standardized incidence ratio; CI, confidence interval; RR, relative risk; IVF, in vitro fertilization; hCG, human chorionic gonadotropin.