Table 4.

Associations between disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in childhood and young adult financial and social functioning

	Noncase controls	Psychiatric controls	DMDD cases	DMDD cases vs. Noncase controls			DMDD cases vs. controls Psychiatric
Financial/ educational functioning	%	%	%	OR	(95%CI)	p value	OR	(95%CI)	p value
Impoverished	56.9	68.0	86.3	4.8	(2.4-9.5)	<0.00	3.0	(1.4-6.3)	0.005
No high school diploma	18.5	22.9	40.9	3.0	(1.3-6.9)	0.008	2.3	(1.0-5.5)	0.05
No college	42.4	62.4	82.3	6.3	(2.5-16.2)	<0.00	2.8	(1.1-7.5)	0.04
Dismissed from a job	21.1	39.3	37.7	2.3	(1.0-4.9)	0.04	0.9	(0.4-2.1)	0.87
Quit multiple jobs	10.7	25.0	27.8	3.2	(1.4-7.5)	0.007	1.2	(0.5-2.8)	0.74
Failing to honor financial obligations	10.3	22.7	8.5	0.8	(0.4-1.8)	0.62	0.3	(0.1-0.8)	0.009
Poor financial management	7.7	17.0	10.2	1.4	(0.6-3.0)	0.46	0.56	(0.2-1.3)	0.18
Social functioning
Violent relationships	3.2	10.0	15.0	5.4	(1.6-18.8)	0.007	1.6	(0.5-5.5)	0.45
Poor relationship with parents	16.1	30.2	37.2	3.1	(1.1-8.5)	0.03	1.4	(0.5-3.9)	0.55
No best friend/confidante	21.7	36.6	41.1	2.5	(1.1-5.8)	0.03	1.2	(0.5-2.9)	0.68
Problems making/keeping friends	3.8	9.8	7.6	2.1	(0.8-5.4)	0.13	0.8	(0.3-2.1)	0.59

DMDD= disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. OR = odds ratio; 95%CI=95 percent confidence interval. Bolded ORs significant at p<0.05.