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. 2014 Jul 22;9(7):e102718. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102718

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© 2014 Guo et al

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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(a, b, c) as one of the key parameters gradually increases, the branching mode produced by the full model changes from (a) side branching with left-right alternating order to (b) side branching with symmetry, and then to (c) tip splitting. = 0.0001 and = 0.025/0.08/1.0 from left to right respectively. (d, e) as another key parameter increases, the spatial distance between side branches increased. = 0.025, goes from 0.000025 to 0.0002. (f) mixed pattern formation of tip splitting and side branching, when = 0.85, = 0.00003, and and = 0.004. Parameters: = 0.002, = 0.16, = 0.04, = 0.03, = 0.02, = 0.02, = 0.008, = 0.1, = 10, = 0.02, = 0.26, = 0.06.

Inline graphic — (a, b, c) as one of the key parameters gradually increases, the branching mode produced by the full model changes from (a) side branching with left-right alternating order to (b) side branching with symmetry, and then to (c) tip splitting. = 0.0001 and = 0.025/0.08/1.0 from left to right respectively. (d, e) as another key parameter increases, the spatial distance between side branches increased. = 0.025, goes from 0.000025 to 0.0002. (f) mixed pattern formation of tip splitting and side branching, when = 0.85, = 0.00003, and and = 0.004. Parameters: = 0.002, = 0.16, = 0.04, = 0.03, = 0.02, = 0.02, = 0.008, = 0.1, = 10, = 0.02, = 0.26, = 0.06.