Table 4. Factors associated with serum total p-cresol sulfate.
| Variable | Units | Univariate Correlation (correlation coefficient) | p | Multiple regression analysis (standardized coefficients; Beta) | p |
| Age | 1 year | 0.120 | 0.090* | - | - |
| Male vs female | - | 0.126 | 0.075* | - | - |
| Smoking (yes vs no) | - | 0.094 | 0.195 | - | - |
| diabetes (yes vs no) | - | 0.322 | <0.001*** | 0.342 | <0.001*** |
| CAD (yes vs no) | - | 0.213 | 0.003** | 0.128 | 0.043** |
| CHF (yes vs no) | - | 0.048 | 0.508 | - | - |
| PAOD (yes vs no) | - | 0.137 | 0.058* | - | - |
| COPD (yes vs no) | - | 0.112 | 0.121 | - | - |
| Stroke (yes vs no) | - | 0.172 | 0.017** | 0.117 | 0.075* |
| Cancer (yes vs no) | - | −0.107 | 0.139 | - | - |
| Dialysis vintage | 1 month | −0.045 | 0.530 | - | - |
| Body mass index | 1 kg/m2 | 0.018 | 0.795 | - | - |
| nPCR | 1 g/kg/day | 0.070 | 0.342 | - | - |
| CT ratio | 1% | 0.067 | 0.379 | - | - |
| BUN | 1 mg/dL | 0.173 | 0.014** | - | - |
| Creatinine | 1 mg/dL | 0.085 | 0.232 | - | - |
| Hemoglobin | 1 g/dL | 0.169 | 0.017** | - | - |
| Albumin | 1 g/dL | 0.057 | 0.420 | - | - |
| hs-CRP | 1 mg/L | −0.035 | 0.631 | - | - |
| Calcium | 1 mg/dL | −0.079 | 0.263 | - | - |
| Phosphate | 1 mg/dL | 0.015 | 0.838 | - | - |
| i-PTH | 1 pg/mL | −0.078 | 0.274 | - | - |
| IL-1β | 1 ng/L | −0.102 | 0.169 | - | - |
| IL-6 | 1 ng/L | 0.074 | 0.426 | - | - |
| TNF-α | 1 ng/L | 0.093 | 0.197 | - | - |
| Total IS | 1 mg/L | 0.292 | <0.001*** | 0.274 | <0.001*** |
| Kt/V | −0.086 | 0.251 | - | - | |
| URR | 1% | −0.077 | 0.297 | - | - |
| High Flux dialysis (yes vs no) | - | −0.023 | 0.425 | - | - |
Abbreviations: CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; PAOD, peripheral arterial occlusive disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; nPCR, normalized protein catabolic rate; CT ratio, cardiothoracic ratio; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; hs-CRP, high sensitive C- reactive protein; i-PTH, intact parathyroid hormone; IL-1β, interleukin −1 beta; IL-6, interleukin 6; TNF-alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IS, indoxyl sulfate; URR, urea reduction rate.
*: p value<0.1.
**: p value<0.05.
***: p value<0.01.