Table 2.

Intervention compared to standard fast track (FT). Efficacy of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program for patients undergoing radical cystectomy. Aarhus University Hospital, 2011–2013, Denmark

	Intervention FT, n= 50	Standard FT, n=57
Preoperative (2 weeks prior to surgery)	Prehabilitation (exercise program) and Standard FT treatment	• Nutritional screening and counseling, supportive oral supplements when recommended • Patient education: lifestyle issues (alcohol, smoking) and postoperative care • Optimizing comorbid conditions • Counseling on choice of urinary diversion • The evening before surgery, the rectal ampulla was emptied • Fasting from midnight, carbohydrate loading 4 hours before surgery
Perioperative	• Infection prophylaxis (single doses) • Minilaparotomy or robot-assisted radical cystectomy • Standardized anesthesia and analgesia throughout surgery using sevoflurane (sedative) and bupivacaine and Ultiva for pain management	• Infection prophylaxis (single doses) • Minilaparotomy or robot-assisted radical cystectomy • Standardized anesthesia and analgesia throughout surgery using sevoflurane (sedative) and bupivacaine and Ultiva for pain management
Postoperative	Postrehabilitation (exercise program and enhanced mobilization) and Standard FT treatment	• Analgesia within the first 72 hours – subfascial Pain-buster providing continuous infusion of bupivacaine; peripheral pain treatment – oral paracetamol • Prevention of nausea • Thromboembolism prophylaxis: compression stockings and Fragmin (Pfizer, New York City, NY, USA) injections • Early oral intake: daily goals – minimum 6,300 kJ, protein 1.2 g/kg/day, including oral supplements • Standard mobilization: walking activity in every ward shift and supervised by a physiotherapist once a day • Early removal of intravenous and urinary catheters
Discharge	Standardized discharge criteria