Table 3.
Relationship Between Parental Preacademic Stimulation, Assignment to Head Start, and their Interaction
| Outcomes
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early Math: WJ Applied Problems | Early Literacy: WJ Letter-Word | Receptive Vocabulary: PPVT | ||||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
|
| ||||||
| Low Preacademic Stimulation (Dummy Bottom 10%) | −4.49*** (1.21) | −6.93*** (1.74) | −3.29** (1.00) | −2.20† (1.33) | −1.06** (0.42) | −1.02 (0.64) |
| Middle Preacademic Stimulation (Dummy 10–90% - REFERENCE) | ||||||
| High Preacademic Stimulation (Dummy Top 10%) | −0.97 (1.04) | −0.65 (1.75) | 1.34 (0.99) | 4.39* (1.77) | 0.54 (0.48) | 2.16** (0.75) |
| Treatment (Dummy Assignment to H.S.) | 2.46*** (0.68) | 1.93* (0.76) | 3.44*** (0.63) | 4.16*** (0.72) | 1.40*** (0.29) | 1.65*** (0.32) |
| Low Preacademic Stimulation × Treatment | 5.15* (2.32) | −2.16† (1.25) | −0.01 (0.83) | |||
| High Preacademic Stimulation × Treatment | −0.41 (2.14) | −4.71* (2.09) | −2.47* (0.97) | |||
| Intercept | 81.08 | 80.02 | 88.80 | 91.80 | 89.58 | 90.37 |
| N | 3185 | 3185 | 3185 | 3185 | 3185 | 3185 |
| R2 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.57 | 0.57 |
Note. Standard errors in parentheses calculated using jackknife replicate weights.
†
p < 0.10.
*
p < 0.05.
**
p < 0.01.
***
p < 0.001.
WJ = Woodcock-Johnson. PPVT= Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. Covariates (centered at mean): lagged DV, cohort, maternal education, race, gender, maternal marital status, caregiver depression, teenage mother status, caregiver age, child disability status, maternal immigration status, age at spring 2003 assessment, number of weeks elapsed between 09/01/02 and spring 2003 assessment, and if baseline assessment in Spanish. Weight used = CHSPR2003WTCA.