Table 3.

Regression Analyses Comparing Language Abilities Across Low-, Moderate-, and High-behavioral Inhibition Groups

			Low Behavioral Inhibition		Moderate Behavioral Inhibition		High Behavioral Inhibition		Standardized Regression Coefficients (β)
			n	mean(SD)	n	mean(SD)	n	mean(SD)	Lineara	Low vs. Mod.+ Highb	Mod. vs. Highb	Low+ Mod. vs. Highc	Low vs. Mod.c
Expressive Language	14 months	Parent report	124	−5.49(.36)	480	−5.51(.35)	112	−5.54(.33)	−0.06	−0.05	−0.03	−0.07	0.01
		Observation	153	−5.43(.35)	498	−5.51(.35)	126	−5.55(.33)	−0.12*	−0.13*	−0.01	−0.10	0.07
	20 months	Parent report	109	−4.34(.69)	416	−4.55(.69)	99	−4.61(.67)	−0.13**	−0.18**	0.03	−0.08	0.11*
		Observation	126	−4.43(.74)	437	−4.54(.67)	134	−4.57(.63)	−0.08	−0.10	0.01	−0.05	0.06
	24 months	Parent report	108	−3.18(.65)	419	−3.10(.73)	92	−3.16(.69)	−0.14**	−0.07	−0.13*	−0.22**	−0.04
		Observation	113	−3.42(.96)	439	−3.48(.97)	131	−3.72(.99)	−0.11*	−0.07	−0.09+	−0.15*	−0.02
Receptive Language	14 months	Parent report	124	−6.09(.53)	481	−6.10(.50)	111	−6.13(.50)	−0.02	−0.02	−0.01	−0.03	0.01
		Observation	153	−6.14(.50)	499	−6.10(.51)	127	−6.07(.48)	0.05	0.05	0.01	0.04	−0.02
	20 months	Parent report	108	−4.31(.62)	413	−4.44(.72)	97	−4.45(.71)	−0.07	−0.11	0.03	−0.03	0.07
		Observation	125	−4.46(.71)	433	−4.41(.70)	133	−4.43(.70)	0.01	0.03	−0.02	−0.01	−0.03
	24 months	Parent report	108	−3.18(.66)	419	−3.10(.73)	92	−3.16(.69)	0.01	0.05	−0.05	−0.03	−0.06
		Observation	113	−3.15(.66)	425	−3.12(.72)	127	−3.17(.70)	−0.02	0.01	−0.04	−0.04	−0.03

Note.

⁺p< 0.10,

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01. n = sample size. SD = standard deviation.

^aOrthogonal contrast codes entered into first regression analysis (linear: low = −1, moderate = 0, high = +1; quadratic: low = −1, moderate = +2, high = −1).

^bOrthogonal contrast codes entered into second regression analysis (low vs. high/moderate: low = −2, moderate = +1, high = +1; moderate vs. high: low = 0, moderate = −1, high = +1).

^cOrthogonal contrast codes entered into third regression analysis (low/moderate vs. high: low = −1, moderate = −1, high = +2; low vs. moderate: low = +1, moderate = −1, high = 0).