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. 2014 Jul 1;9:26. doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-9-26

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Copyright © 2014 Repunte-Canonigo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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GSEA plots of selected differentially regulated pathways. Representative differentially regulated pathways are shown including pathways with increased and reduced activation in the hippocampus of HIV-1 Tg rats. Pathways with increased activation included pathways indicative of (A) interferon activation; (B, C) cell division, consistent with astrogliosis and microgliosis; (D) peroxisome dysregulation. Pathways with reduced activation (E-H) are indicative of reduced neuronal trophism and neurodegeneration.