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. 2014 Jul 1;9:26. doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-9-26

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Copyright © 2014 Repunte-Canonigo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Working memory impairment in HIV-1 Tg rats. Working memory was significantly impaired in adult (4–5 months old) HIV-1 Tg rats compared to wild-type controls (CONT) using the spontaneous alternation behavior in the T-Maze, a paradigm sensitive to prefrontal cortex and hippocampal impairments. A) HIV-1 Tg rats exhibited a marked decrease of spontaneous alternation behavior (SAB), a measure of working memory, compared to control rats (n = 7 for both groups; t10 = 4.2, p < 0.01). Only the control rats alternated significantly above chance (t6 = 7.1, p < 0.001) whereas HIV-1 Tg rats were not significantly different from chance level (t4 = 1.2, p = ns). There was no difference between the two groups in the latency to leave the start box or the latency to make a choice (B). ***p < 0.001 vs. chance; p < 0.01 vs. HIV-1 Tg rats.