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. 2014 Jul 11;142(4):551–561. doi: 10.1111/imm.12243

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Effect of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade by anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and programmed death 1–immunoglobulin (PD-1-Ig) treatment on immune reaction in bovine lymphocytes. (a) Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with rat IgG control or two types of anti-PD-L1 mAbs (4G12 and 5A2). Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production was measured by ELISA (n = 8). (b–d) PBMCs were cultured with bovine IgG control or PD-1-Ig (50 μg/ml) in the presence or absence of PMA/ionomycin. Proliferation responses in the presence of PMA/ionomycin were measured by thymidine incorporation (b; n = 8). IFN-γ (c) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) (d) production were measured by ELISA (PMA/ionomycin in right; n = 23, no stimulant in left; n = 10). Each line indicates the mean values in each group. Statistical comparison between rat IgG, 4G12, and 5A2 was made using the one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post-test. Those between rat IgM and 6G7 or bovine IgG and PD-1-Ig were made using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test. Differences were considered statistically significant at P < 0·05 (*P < 0·05; **P < 0·01).