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. 2014 Jul 23;8:248. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00248

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Copyright © 2014 Chen and Perc.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Evolution of cooperation with institutional punishment and degree-normalized payoffs. Top row depicts the stationary fraction of cooperators as a function of the average amount of available incentives δ for different values of the distribution strength α. The enhancement factor is r = 1 in (A), r = 2 in (B), and r = 3 in (C). Bottom row depicts the contour plot of the fraction of cooperators as a function of α and δ, as obtained for the enhancement factor r = 1 in (D), r = 2 in (E), and r = 3 in (F).