Table 2.
Means and Standard Errors (SE) at baseline and posttest and comparisons of intervention impacts on study outcome measures (N = 357)
| |
Control (n = 139) |
Intervention (n = 218) |
Adjust difference of mean change (95% CI)ł |
α ≤ |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Baseline |
Posttest |
Baseline |
Posttest |
|
|
||||
| Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | |||
| Weight (kg) |
17.77 |
0.22 |
19.52 |
0.25 |
18.42 |
0.21 |
20.53 |
0.22 |
0.36 (0.06, 0.66) |
0.02 |
| Height (cm) |
106.47 |
0.55 |
111.12 |
0.56 |
107.80 |
0.46 |
112.92 |
0.47 |
0.47 (0.19, 0.75) |
0.01 |
| Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m2) |
15.64 |
0.12 |
15.78 |
0.14 |
15.76 |
0.09 |
16.04 |
0.10 |
0.19 (−0.06, 0.43) |
n.s. |
| BMI-for-age z-score |
0.19 |
0.08 |
0.26 |
0.09 |
0.26 |
0.07 |
0.44 |
0.07 |
0.15 (−0.01, 0.31) |
n.s. |
| Body fat percent ł |
20.64 |
0.37 |
21.45 |
0.37 |
21.51 |
0.30 |
20.79 |
0.28 |
−1.2 (−1.85, −0.79) |
0.0001 |
| Fat mass (kg) ł |
3.51 |
0.08 |
4.25 |
0.12 |
3.72 |
0.09 |
3.84 |
0.10 |
−0.55 (−0.72, −0.39) |
0.0001 |
| Muscle mass (kg) |
6.59 |
0.11 |
7.29 |
0.13 |
6.80 |
0.10 |
7.96 |
0.11 |
0.48 (0.33, 0.62) |
0.0001 |
| 20m agility run (seconds) ł† |
8.56 |
0.15 |
7.97 |
0.14 |
8.28 |
0.10 |
7.06 |
0.06 |
−0.74 (−0.89, −0.58) |
0.0001 |
| Broad jump (cm) ł†‡ |
89.35 |
1.36 |
99.75 |
1.20 |
91.76 |
1.19 |
110.05 |
1.14 |
8.09 (6.24, 9.93) |
0.0001 |
| Tennis ball throw (m) ł†± |
4.39 |
0.14 |
4.81 |
0.17 |
4.30 |
0.11 |
.39 |
0.13 |
0.52 (0.15, 0.88) |
0.006 |
| Sit-and-reach (cm) ł |
10.65 |
0.31 |
10.99 |
0.35 |
9.49 |
0.31 |
11.32 |
0.27 |
0.88 (0.10, 1.66) |
0.03 |
| Balance beam walk (seconds) ł† |
14.65 |
1.16 |
7.74 |
0.59 |
14.29 |
0.79 |
5.48 |
0.27 |
−2.02 (−3.05, −0.99) |
0.0001 |
| 20m craw (seconds) ł |
25.74 |
0.52 |
22.92 |
0.46 |
26.45 |
0.44 |
20.04 |
0.34 |
−3.36 (−4.02, −2.69) |
0.0001 |
| 30m sprint (seconds) ł†‡ | 10.09 | 0.22 | 9.03 | 0.17 | 9.68 | 0.14 | 8.14 | 0.08 | −0.45 (−0.82, −0.08) | 0.02 |
ł Adjusted for baseline measure;†Adjusted for grade level;‡Adjusted for father’s BMI;± Adjusted for father’s education.