Table 1.

Summary of licensed Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccines

	IXIARO® (Intercell, Livingston, United Kingdom/Novartis vaccines, Surrey, United Kingdom) [3, 38]	CD-JEVAX® (Chengdu biologicals, Chengdu, China) [4]	ChimeriVax® (Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France) [5, 39]
Virus strain	SA 14-14-2	SA 14-14-2	SA 14-14-2
Cell type for virus propagation	Vero cells	Primary hamster kidney cells	Vero cells
Vaccine formulation	Formalin inactivated with aluminum hydroxide; liquid	Live attenuated without adjuvant or preservative; lyophilized	Live attenuated without adjuvant or preservative; lyophilized
Vaccine schedule	≥3 yo: 2 doses of 0.5 ml at day 0 and 28 2 months–2 yo: 0.25 ml at days 0 and 28a	Single dose 0.5 ml. Booster may be applicable in toddlers after primary vaccination	Single dose, 0.5 ml. Booster applicable for primary vaccination in toddlers
% Seropositive vaccinees at day 28 post-primary vaccination	Adults: 98% Children 1–3 yo: 71%	Adults: limited or no data Children: 76%	Adults: 99% Children 12–18 months: 95%
Geometric mean titer at day 28 post-primary vaccination (range)	Adults: 244 (5–783) Children 1–3 yo: 218 (121–395)	Adults: No data Children age: 133 (11–2,991)b	Adults: 1,392 (1,156–1,674) Children 12–18 months: 214 (168–271)
% Seropositive vaccinees at 1 year	Adults: 69% Children: limited or no data	Adults: limited or no data Children 1–15 yo: 90%b	Adults: 95% Children: 80%c

^aUnited States Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) recommendations are adhered to here [14]

^bGeometric mean titer and seropositivity rate at 4-year post-primary vaccination

^cChildren aged 36–42 months at 2-year follow-up