Table 1. Specific Approaches to Community Engagement.

This table summarizes the community engagement approaches adopted in each case. It is important to recognize that in each case, the researchers designed a unique set of activities to achieve their project goals (building trust, encouraging participation, and promoting uptake of findings). In any given case, depending on the circumstances, a few targeted activities may be all that is needed to meet successfully the needs and interests of the community.

Approach to Community Engagement reported	CASE 1: Building Trust 21	CASE 2: Encouraging Participation 23	CASE 3: Promoting Uptake of Findings26–28
Developed culturally appropriate health promotion and/or research materials with input from community	X	X	X
Provided training and/or technical assistance to community members	X	X	X
Inquired about factors affecting recruitment and retention	X	X
Hired community members as research staff and/or community health workers	X		X
Considered practical needs of community	X		X
Established a community advisory board (CAB) involved in all stages of research	X		X
Included community-based organizations on research advisory boards	X		X
Partnered with local organizations including faith-based organizations and/or schools	X		X
Collaborated with community leaders	X		X
Conducted qualitative focus groups with community members to inform research approach			X
Attended community events			X
Shared research results with community	X		X
Involved the community in efforts to secure funding			X
Trained community members as volunteer health advocates		X
Developed ethical guidelines for community engaged research with input from community			X
Established a partnership with the community			X