Table 3.
Delivery characteristics factors among women with singleton small-for-gestational-age (SGA, <2 SD) and Non-SGA newborn during 2000–2010 in Finland
| Characteristics | NULLIPAROUS WOMEN, n=248,725 | MULTIPAROUS WOMEN, n=345,702 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGA, n=14,378 (5.8%) |
Non SGA, n=234,347 (94.2%) |
p value* | SGA, n=6,370 (1.8%) |
Non SGA, n=339,332 (98.2%) |
p value* | |
| Mean maternal age in years (SD) | ≤0.001 | ≤0.001 | ||||
| Maternal age years % | 30.6 (5.4) | 27.3 (5.3) | ≤0.001 | 32.6 (5.1) | 31.0 (5.1) | ≤0.001 |
| Less than 20 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 0.6 | 0.4 | ||
| 20–29 | 56.6 | 61.4 | 34.4 | 39.1 | ||
| 30–39 | 34.7 | 31.0 | 56.9 | 55.6 | ||
| 40 or more | 2.6 | 1.6 | 8.0 | 4.8 | ||
| Mean gestational age weeks (SD) | 37.7 (2.9) | 39.8 (1.9) | ≤0.001 | 37.1 (3.0) | 39.8 (1.7) | ≤0.001 |
| Smoking status % | ≤0.001 | ≤0.001 | ||||
| Non-smoking | 72.8 | 81.0 | 69.1 | 84.5 | ||
| Smoking | 24.9 | 17.0 | 28.1 | 12.7 | ||
| Missing information | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 2.9 | ||
| Married or in relationship % | 88.9 | 90.8 | ≤0.001 | 92.7 | 95.2 | ≤0.001 |
| Socioeconomic status % | ≤0.001 | ≤0.001 | ||||
| Upper white-collar worker | 7.3 | 8.1 | 5.9 | 8.6 | ||
| Lower white-collar worker | 31.7 | 31.9 | 34.7 | 36.7 | ||
| Blue-collar worker | 15.0 | 13.7 | 18.3 | 15.0 | ||
| Others b | 26.4 | 27.1 | 25.1 | 24.5 | ||
| Missing | 19.6 | 19.3 | 16.0 | 15.2 | ||
| Number of prior deliveries % | NA | NA | ≤0.001 | |||
| 1 | 38.7 | 57.6 | ||||
| 2–4 | 55.7 | 37.9 | ||||
| 5 or more | 5.6 | 4.5 | ||||
| Prior cesarean delivery % | NA | NA | 24.5 | 17.8 | ≤0.001 | |
| Prior preterm birth % | NA | NA | 15.1 | 7.2 | ≤0.001 | |
| Prior SGA infant % | NA | NA | 26.3 | 4.7 | ≤0.001 | |
| Prior preeclampsia % | NA | NA | 0.9 | 0.4 | ≤0.001 | |
| In vitro fertilization % | 2.0 | 2.2 | 0.08 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.17 |
| Preeclampsia % | 3.9 | 0.7 | ≤0.001 | 6.3 | 1.4 | ≤0.001 |
| Gestational diabetes % | 5.6 | 7.7 | ≤0.001 | 9.7 | 13.1 | ≤0.001 |
| Pre-existing diabetes mellitus % | 4.0 | 5.6 | ≤0.001 | 7.2 | 9.8 | ≤0.001 |
| Placenta previa % | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.39 | 0.6 | 0.3 | ≤0.001 |
| Male sex % | 51.9 | 51.1 | 0.05 | 50.3 | 51.2 | 0.20 |
| Mean birth weight grams (SD) | 3063.4 (661) | 3438.2 (539) | ≤0.001 | 3038.8 (759) | 3615.5 (532) | ≤0.001 |
b
Others comprise entrepreneurs, students, retired women, unemployed women, housewives and all unclassifiable cases
*
Chi square or Mann Whitney U –test, p value significant at <0.05
NA=not applicable; SD=standard deviation