Table 2.
Regression coefficients and standard errors for tests of main and interaction effects of impulsivity and digit span on alcohol involvement using AHB data.
| Effect | Social Deviance | Exploratory Excitability | Impulsiveness | Extravagance | Disorderliness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heavy drinking | |||||
| Impulsivity | 2.37 (0.63)*** | 5.30 (1.23)*** | 4.72 (0.95)*** | 6.46 (1.18)*** | 7.23 (1.09)*** |
| Digit span | 1.04 (1.03) | 0.19 (1.03) | 0.89 (1.01) | 0.65 (1.02) | 0.36 (1.01) |
| Impulsivity * digit span | −0.71 (0.34)* | −0.24 (0.68) | 0.65 (0.49) | −0.65 (0.68) | −0.34 (0.61) |
| Alcohol use (quantity * frequency) | |||||
| Impulsivity | 5.60 (1.60)*** | 14.69 (3.07)*** | 10.63 (2.41)*** | 18.00 (2.95)*** | 17.89 (2.71)*** |
| Digit span | 3.28 (2.63) | 2.63 (2.57) | 3.26 (2.56) | 2.28 (2.55) | 1.27 (2.51) |
| Impulsivity * digit span | −2.26 (0.86)** | −2.46 (1.71) | −0.20 (1.25) | −0.64 (1.71) | −2.04 (1.51) |
| Alcohol dependence | |||||
| Impulsivity | 3.66 (0.86)*** | 5.33 (1.7)** | 5.31 (1.32)*** | 7.86 (1.66)*** | 7.28 (1.52)*** |
| Digit span | 0.33 (1.41) | 0.10 (1.43) | 0.51 (1.40) | 0.81 (1.43) | 0.17 (1.41) |
| Impulsivity * digit span | −0.62 (0.46) | −0.85 (0.95) | −0.18 (0.68) | −1.66 (0.96) | −0.38 (0.85) |
| Alcohol-related consequences | |||||
| Impulsivity | 3.62 (0.97)*** | 6.52 (1.88)*** | 6.48 (1.46)*** | 7.52 (1.83)*** | 8.42 (1.71)*** |
| Digit span | 0.62 (1.58) | −0.49 (1.57) | −0.05 (1.55) | 0.04 (1.58) | −0.46 (1.58) |
| Impulsivity * digit span | 1.40 (0.52)** | −2.35 (1.05)* | −0.04 (0.76) | −2.93 (1.06)** | −0.89 (0.95) |
Note: Regression coefficients and standard errors were multiplied by 100 for ease of interpretation. Digit-span recall is measured as the raw scores on the digit-backward task. Measures of impulsivity and digit-span recall were centered and quadratic terms of both were modeled. All alcohol outcomes were log-transformed to account for non-normality of data. Covariates included sex and family history (both dichotomized) and vocabulary (to control for general cognitive ability) but did not include baseline measures of alcohol involvement to account for autoregressivity.
p < .001,
p < .01,
p < .05,