Table 5.
Regression coefficients and standard errors for tests of main and interaction effects of impulsivity and working memory updating on alcohol use outcomes using MARC Project 8 data.
| Effect | Social Deviance | Exploratory Excitability | Impulsiveness | Extravagance | Disorderliness | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol use (quantity * frequency) | ||||||
| Impulsivity | −16.22 (3.31)*** | 0.42 (2.86) | 3.26 (2.42) | 4.78 (2.61) | 6.85 (2.08)** | |
| WMU | 0.99 (0.90) | 0.83 (0.97) | 0.48 (0.93) | 1.16 (0.95) | 0.40 (0.94) | |
| Impulsivity * WMU | 1.10 (0.83) | 0.74 (0.74) | −0.71 (0.58) | 0.34 (0.68) | −0.13 (0.52) | |
| Heavy drinking (binge in last 30 days) | ||||||
| Impulsivity | −7.70 (2.35)** | 2.59 (1.88) | 4.04 (1.67)* | 1.99 (1.83) | 3.68 (1.46)* | |
| WMU | 0.61 (0.64) | 0.56 (0.67) | 0.29 (0.64) | 0.65 (0.67) | 0.33 (0.66) | |
| Impulsivity * WMU | 0.50 (0.59) | 0.01 (0.50) | −0.33 (0.40) | −0.39 (0.48) | 0.03 (0.37) | |
| Alcohol-related consequences | ||||||
| Impulsivity | −12.33 (2.40)*** | 5.30 (1.98)** | 4.83 (1.75)** | 1.66 (1.93) | 7.60 (1.48)*** | |
| WMU | −0.25 (0.66) | 0.16 (0.70) | −0.41 (0.68) | 0.01 (0.71) | −0.29 (0.67) | |
| Impulsivity * WMU | 0.78 (0.60) | 0.12 (0.53) | 0.04 (0.42) | −0.02 (0.51) | −0.56 (0.37) | |
| Lifetime alcohol dependence symptoms | ||||||
| Impulsivity | −5.47 (2.98) | 4.42 (2.36) | −0.51 (2.13) | 0.71 (2.33) | 3.84 (1.84)* | |
| WMU | −0.04 (0.81) | −0.48 (0.84) | −0.15 (0.82) | −0.23 (0.86) | −0.02 (0.84) | |
| Impulsivity * WMU | −0.49 (0.75) | −0.20 (0.63) | 0.37 (0.51) | 0.77 (0.61) | 0.15 (0.46) | |
| Current alcohol dependence symptoms | ||||||
| Impulsivity | −7.52 (2.64)** | −1.75 (2.12) | 3.60 (1.86) | −0.75 (2.06) | 3.71 (1.60)* | |
| WMU | 0.39 (0.72) | 0.38 (0.75) | 0.19 (0.72) | 0.18 (0.76) | −0.06 (0.73) | |
| Impulsivity * WMU | 0.08 (0.66) | 0.30 (0.57) | 0.05 (0.45) | −0.15 (0.54) | −0.16 (0.40) | |
Note: Regression coefficients and standard errors were multiplied by 100 for ease of interpretation. Working memory updating (WMU) is measured as a factor score of performance on the Keep Track, Letter Memory, and Spatial 2-Back Tasks. Covariates included sex and family history of alcohol dependence(both dichotomized). All alcohol outcomes are log-transformed to account for the non-normality of data.
***
p < .001,
**
p < .01,
*
p < .05.