(a) ECAP responses for different electrode representations in the reciprocal FEM model. The DBS amplitude was 3 V for the original and insulating contact models, and 35 V for the point electrode model. (b) Percentage of elements activated in 0.1 ms bins after DBS pulses, for the conditions tested in (a). This was calculated for each element type individually (TC, CTx, CER, RN, or TIN) and is shown in a summed, stacked bar format, in which activation of a specific element type (0–100%) is given by the height of the corresponding segment within the bar. (c) Signal energy of each phase from the ECAP responses in (a).