Table 1.
Comparison of Mean Intraocular Pressure (IOP) between Participants Taking and Not Taking a Medication, for Different Medication Categories (n = 7093)
| Medication | Number Taking Medication | Mean IOP in Participants Not Taking Medication (mmHg) | Mean IOP in Participants Taking Medication (mmHg) | Difference in IOP (95% CI) | P values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACE inhibitors | 1132 | 15.93 | 15.86 | −0.07 (−0.29, 0.15) | 0.55 |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers | 455 | 15.91 | 15.98 | 0.07 (−0.26, 0.40) | 0.68 |
| α-Blockers | 445 | 15.93 | 15.70 | −0.23 (−0.56, 0.11) | 0.18 |
| β-Blockers | 837 | 16.04 | 15.01 | −1.03 (−1.28, −0.78) | <0.001 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 854 | 15.93 | 15.78 | −0.15 (−0.40, 0.09) | 0.22 |
| Diuretics | 1127 | 15.92 | 15.89 | −0.03 (−0.25, 0.20) | 0.82 |
| Nitrates | 224 | 15.95 | 14.87 | −1.08 (−1.54, −0.62) | <0.001 |
| Statins | 1565 | 15.99 | 15.67 | −0.31 (−0.51, −0.12) | 0.002 |
| Insulin | 67 | 15.92 | 15.99 | 0.07 (−0.77, 0.91) | 0.87 |
| Biguanides | 203 | 15.90 | 16.44 | 0.54 (0.05, 1.03) | 0.029 |
| Sulfonylureas | 125 | 15.90 | 16.57 | 0.67 (0.05, 1.29) | 0.033 |
| Aspirin | 1282 | 16.00 | 15.54 | −0.46 (−0.67, −0.25) | <0.001 |
| NSAIDs excluding aspirin | 580 | 15.92 | 15.90 | −0.02 (−0.32, 0.27) | 0.88 |
ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; NSAIDs = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
P < 0.0038 appear in boldface, and reflect a 5% significance level adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni correction.