Table 1. - Patient characteristics and comparison between the group of patients who received tuberculosis treatment within the first 24 h after hospital admission and that of those who did not.a.
| Characteristics | Total | Group ≤24h | Group >24h | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 305 | n = 67 | n = 238 | ||
| Age, yearsb | 42.0 ± 17.2 | 38.5 ± 16.5 | 42.9 ± 17.5 | 0.067 |
| Age > 60 years | 42 (13.8) | 7 (10.4) | 35 (14.7) | 0.428 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 197 (64.6) | 34 (50.7) | 163 (68.5) | 0.011 |
| Female | 108 (35.4) | 33 (49.3) | 75 (31.5) | |
| Race | ||||
| White | 230 (75.4) | 48 (71.6) | 182 (76.5) | 0.516 |
| Non-White | 75 (24.6) | 19 (28.4) | 56 (23.5) | |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Nonsmoker | 162 (53.1) | 33 (49.3) | 129 (54.2) | 0.285 |
| Former smoker | 52 (17.0) | 9 (13.4) | 43 (18.1) | |
| Smoker | 91 (29.8) | 25 (37.3) | 66 (27.7) | |
| Alcoholism | 89 (29.2) | 20 (29.9) | 69 (29.0) | 1.000 |
| Illicit drug use | 81 (26.6) | 21 (31.3) | 60 (25.2) | 0.397 |
| Form of tuberculosis | ||||
| Pulmonary tuberculosis | 110 (36.1) | 41 (61.2) | 69 (29.0) | < 0.001 |
| Extrapulmonary tuberculosis | 143 (46.9) | 14 (20.9) | 129 (54.2) | < 0.001 |
| Combined pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis | 52 (17.0) | 12 (17.9) | 40 (16.8) | 0.977 |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Cough | 132 (43.3) | 43 (64.2) | 89 (37.4) | < 0.001 |
| Weight loss | 151 (49.5) | 40 (59.7) | 111 (46.6) | 0.080 |
| Night sweats | 74 (24.3) | 24 (35.8) | 50 (21.0) | 0.019 |
| Fever | 190 (62.3) | 39 (58.2) | 151 (63.4) | 0.523 |
| Dyspnea | 46 (15.1) | 11 (16.4) | 35 (14.7) | 0.879 |
| Chest pain | 34 (11.1) | 9 (13.4) | 25 (10.5) | 0.512 |
| AFB-positive spontaneous sputum smear | ||||
| Yes | 71 (23.3) | 36 (53.7) | 35 (14.7) | < 0.001 |
| No | 93 (30.5) | 14 (20.9) | 79 (33.2) | |
| No sputum | 141 (46.2) | 17 (25.4) | 124 (52.1) | |
| Chest X-ray | ||||
| Cavitary disease | 33 (10.8) | 15 (22.4) | 18 (7.6) | 0.001 |
| Consolidation | 52 (17.0) | 16 (23.9) | 36 (15.1) | 0.134 |
| Pleural effusion | 58 (19.0) | 7 (10.4) | 51 (21.4) | 0.065 |
| Normal | 42 (13.8) | 3 (4.5) | 39 (16.4) | 0.015 |
| Miliary pattern | 37 (12.1) | 10 (14.9) | 27 (11.3) | 0.405 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 19 (6.2) | 2 (3.0) | 17 (7.1) | 0.266 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 8 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (3.4) | 0.207 |
| Transplantation | 7 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (2.9) | 0.354 |
| Chronic liver disease | 6 (2.0) | 1 (1.5) | 5 (2.1) | 0.744 |
| Neoplasia | 13 (4.3) | 2 (3.0) | 11 (4.6) | 0.740 |
| HIV | 191 (62.6) | 39 (58.2) | 152 (63.9) | 0.482 |
| Any comorbidity | 224 (73.4) | 47 (70.1) | 177 (74.4) | 0.593 |
| Length of hospital stay, daysb | 27.7 ± 21.8 | 19.6 ± 22.6 | 29.9 ± 21.1 | 0.001 |
| ICU admission | 52 (17.0) | 15 (22.4) | 37 (15.5) | 0.258 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 48 (15.7) | 15 (22.4) | 33 (13.9) | 0.133 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| In-hospital mortality | 50 (16.4) | 15 (22.4) | 35 (14.7) | 0.189 |
| One-year mortality | 97 (31.8) | 23 (34.3) | 74 (31.1) | 0.723 |
| Cure | 155 (50.8) | 30 (44.8) | 125 (52.5) | 0.326 |
a
Values expressed as n (%), except where otherwise indicated.
b
Values expressed as mean ± SD