NFAT inhibitor (11R-VIVIT) reduces proteinuria in LPS-induced proteinuric SCID mice. a Compared with untreated LPS mice, 11R-VIVIT-treated LPS mice showed a significant reduction in proteinuria in a dose-dependent manner with a maximum response at a dose of 15 mg kg−1day−1. b Double immunofluorescence staining for uPAR (red) and synaptopodin (synpo, green), a podocyte marker, in glomeruli from LPS mice. 11R-VIVIT inhibits uPAR expression. c Quantitative real-time RT-PCR performed on kidney glomerulus isolated from LPS mice shows that 11R-VIVIT inhibits Plaur mRNA (encoding uPAR) expression. d Double immunofluorescence staining for activeβ3 integrin (detected by AP5 antibody, red) and synaptopodin (synpo, green) in glomeruli. 11R-VIVIT reduces AP5 labeling. e, f Neither 11R-VIVIT nor LPS fails to affect the expression of total β3 integrin protein (red) or ITGB3 mRNA (encoding β3 integrin). All values are expressed as the means±SD. *p<0.01 versus untreated LPS mice