(A) A significant difference in UPDRS motor outcomes (dark gray bars) was evident across the 3 testing groups [(F(2,21) = 20.095, P < 0.001, ANOVA]. As expected, motor improvement was similar for the sham responders in the testing set and for the subjects who received open-label levodopa treatment (P = 0.730, post-hoc LSD); these changes differed from those seen in the sham nonresponders (P < 0.001). Significant differences were also seen for network activity measurements (light gray bars) in the 3 groups [F(2,21) = 4.156, P = 0.030]. In contrast to the motor changes, SSRP modulation was greater in the sham responders than in either the sham nonresponders (P = 0.014) or the individuals receiving open-label levodopa treatment (P = 0.036). (B) A significant correlation was observed between changes in SSRP expression in the SHAM cohort (n = 23) and concurrent motor outcomes under the blind at 6 months (r = –0.749, P < 0.001, Pearson’s correlation).