Table 2.
Behavioral Results
Reaction Times (Milliseconds) | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Self-Reflection | Other-Reflection | Affect Labeling | Perceptual* | |||||||||||||||||
Mean | SD | MDN | IQR | p Value | Mean | SD | MDN | IQR | p Value | Mean | SD | MDN | IQR | p Value | Mean | SD | MDN | IQR | p Value | |
Controls | 1333 | 224 | 1263 | 300 | 0.65 | 1467 | 261 | 1422 | 347 | 0.79 | 1301 | 203 | 1304 | 329 | 0.27 | 852 | 174 | 790 | 278 | 0.38 |
Relatives | 1369 | 204 | 1398 | 356 | 1442 | 242 | 1422 | 327 | 1378 | 165 | 1447 | 272 | 903 | 203 | 843 | 95 |
Response Types (%) | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Self-Reflection (% Like Self) | Other-Reflection (% Like Other) | Affect Labeling* (% Positive) | Perceptual* (% Correct) | |||||||||||||||||
Mean | SD | MDN | IQR | p Value | Mean | SD | MDN | IQR | p Value | Mean | SD | MDN | IQR | p Value | Mean | SD | MDN | IQR | p Value | |
Controls | 42.4 | 13 | 45.7 | 6.3 | 0.29 | 44.0 | 15 | 48.6 | 9.0 | 0.87 | 49.0 | 6.5 | 47.2 | 6.0 | 0.20 | 96.0 | 13.3 | 100 | 0 | 0.89 |
Relatives | 48.1 | 15 | 50.0 | 9.7 | 44.9 | 14 | 50.0 | 8.3 | 49.2 | 2.9 | 50.0 | 4.0 | 95.8 | 13.3 | 100 | 0 |
Mean reaction times and percentage of response types with p values for the independent t-tests, or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests (for nonparametric data, indicated with asterisk[*]) comparing the two group means for the four experimental tasks. Both groups showed significantly greater response times during the Other condition compared to the Self or Affect Labeling conditions, but there was no significant difference in response times between the Self. and Affect Labeling conditions. There were no between-group differences in response times for any experimental condition. Both groups showed comparable percentages of words rated as “like self,” “like mom,” or “positive” in the Self, Other, and Affect Labeling conditions, respectively. The percentage of correct trails in the Perceptual condition was similarly high in each group.